• A clinical trial is being planned in the UK to evaluate the benefits and harms of puberty blockers for young people with gender dysphoria.
• The trial aims to address the lack of high-quality evidence on the long-term effects of puberty blockers on mental health, brain development, and bone density.
• Ethical concerns are being debated, including whether it is ethical to withhold puberty blockers from some participants or to use a placebo group.
• The trial design is complex, with considerations for different intervention approaches and the inclusion of psychological and emotional support.