Synbio, a discipline merging biology and engineering, designs new biological components and systems to improve heart, lung, blood, and sleep conditions. It enables targeted disease models, precision medicine, and biosensors. NHLBI funds research like KaloCyte's artificial red blood cells, Ying Mei's mini beating hearts, and Deblina Sarkar's cell rover for intracellular sensing, highlighting synbio's potential to revolutionize disease treatment.