CDC ENTEBBE

CLSI Subcommittee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing introduced changes including breakpoint revisions and new breakpoints in 2024. Phenotypic criteria for carbapenemase testing among Enterobacterales were updated to improve clinical care. Investigational breakpoints for cefepime and zidebactam were proposed for carbapenem-resistant pathogens. Breakpoints for Acinetobacter baumannii were also updated, focusing on ampicillin/sulbactam and minocycline.

Northwestern Medicine scientists developed an implant, Naloximeter, to reverse opioid overdoses by monitoring oxygen levels and releasing naloxone if necessary, with plans for clinical trials.

Eledon Pharmaceuticals reports positive initial data from a University of Chicago study on tegoprubart, an anti-CD40L antibody, showing improved islet engraftment and insulin independence in type 1 diabetes patients undergoing islet transplantation. The treatment was well-tolerated, with no unexpected adverse events, suggesting tegoprubart's potential as a novel immunosuppression option.

RCMP dismantled a large fentanyl and methamphetamine lab in British Columbia, seizing 54 kg of fentanyl, 390 kg of methamphetamine, firearms, and $360,000. Gaganpreet Randhawa faces charges, and the bust is a major setback for transnational drug trafficking.

A digital intervention combining text messages and a web-based dashboard, added to health behavior counseling, improved weight-for-length trajectories and reduced obesity incidence at 24 months in a diverse population, compared to counseling alone.

Research on gut microbiome's role in cancer care has advanced rapidly, revealing its impact on prognosis and immunotherapy response. Key findings include the identification of beneficial bacteria like *Akkermansia muciniphila* and detrimental effects of antibiotics on survival. New technologies, such as PCR chips and oral charcoal capsules, aim to mitigate antibiotic-induced dysbiosis and enhance immunotherapy efficacy. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) shows promise in overcoming immunotherapy resistance, while dietary interventions, such as increased fiber intake, also influence outcomes. Future cancer care may include routine microbiome analysis to tailor treatments.

Stelara (ustekinumab) showed potential in preserving insulin production by reducing Th17.1 cells in a UK phase 2 study, suggesting it could prevent or reduce the need for insulin in type 1 diabetes patients if started early.

A trial in Tropical North Queensland aims to reduce surgical site infections (SSI) in skin cancer surgery below the knee using oral clindamycin and preoperative chlorhexidine wash with nasal mupirocin. This double-blind, placebo-controlled study will compare three arms: bacterial load reduction, clindamycin, and standard care. The primary outcome is SSI incidence, with secondary measures including adverse reactions and antibiotic resistance patterns. The trial seeks to improve patient outcomes and promote antibiotic stewardship.

NIH launches trial to assess safety and acceptability of a rectal microbicide douche containing tenofovir for HIV prevention among men who have sex with men. The study will compare this 'on-demand' method with oral PrEP, enrolling 150 participants across eight U.S. sites.

NIH launches trial to test safety and acceptability of a rectal microbicide douche containing tenofovir for HIV prevention among men who have sex with men. The study, HPTN 106, will compare the microbicide douche with oral PrEP over two two-month periods, assessing acceptability, adherence, and preference. The trial aims to expand HIV prevention options for at-risk populations.