• A novel nanomedicine using siRNAs targeting CCR5 and Nef shows promise in preventing HIV sexual transmission by blocking viral entry and reactivating autophagy.
• An HIV-virus-like particle (HLP) therapeutic can reactivate dormant HIV in immune cells, making them susceptible to cART and the immune system, potentially curing HIV.
• Despite advancements, challenges remain in HIV management, including global disparities in treatment access, drug resistance, and the virus's ability to establish latent reservoirs.