• Axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel) therapy demonstrates a significant decrease in the severity and duration of cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS).
• The reduced severity of CRS and ICANS leads to improved patient outcomes, including a decreased need for intensive care and shorter hospital stays, enhancing the risk-benefit profile of axi-cel.
• Prophylactic and preemptive strategies, such as early use of steroids and tocilizumab, contribute to the improved safety profile of axi-cel in treating relapsed or refractory large B-cell lymphoma.
• Overall survival (OS) was not different across study periods, suggesting that reduced toxicities do not compromise the effectiveness of axi-cel, though longer follow-up is needed to assess long-term quality of life.