The Governing Council of the University of Toronto

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has revolutionized treatment for neurological and psychiatric disorders by directly targeting malfunctioning brain circuits. Despite its success, challenges remain in identifying optimal targets and patients for DBS. The technique offers adjustable stimulation for therapeutic effects, with over 160,000 patients treated worldwide. DBS not only treats symptoms but also aids in understanding brain dysfunction, though it's invasive and carries risks. Future directions include expanding indications, improving technology, and addressing ethical considerations.

HPV self-sampling is highly acceptable and feasible for cervical cancer screening among hard-to-reach women, increasing participation rates. Mailing self-sampling kits boosts engagement. Concerns include follow-up adherence for HPV-positive results and cultural barriers. Evidence supports its role in screening programs, emphasizing convenience, privacy, and cost-effectiveness.