India's biopharma sector grew to $53.8 billion in 2023, driven by biotechnology advances, personalised medicine, and biosimilars. India is a major vaccine supplier, with SII accounting for 24% of the global market. Innovations include indigenous mRNA vaccines and Hepatitis A vaccine. India launched its first affordable CAR-T therapy, NexCAR19, in 2024. Precision health initiatives like Phenome India and AI-Precision Oncology Centre were launched. Strategic partnerships and the BioE3 Policy aim to strengthen biomanufacturing. Regulatory challenges and quality concerns persist, but future prospects include advanced therapies and potential benefits from the U.S. Biosecure Act.