RHOBTB2, a Rho GTPase subfamily member and tumor suppressor, is linked to cancer and rare neurodevelopmental disorders like RHOBTB2-related developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE). Symptoms include early-onset epilepsy, severe intellectual disability, microcephaly, and movement disorders. Variants near or in the BTB domain cause decreased RHOBTB2 degradation and DEE, while GTPase domain variants lead to variable neurodevelopmental symptoms without affecting degradation. Treatment focuses on antiseizure meds, but no therapies address underlying mechanisms. RHOBTB2's role in disease remains understudied.