Derek Cocker and colleagues advocate for innovative whole system approaches to integrate research and novel technologies within patient pathways to target antibiotic use, minimize healthcare-associated infections, and adapt to novel pathogens. They emphasize the need for system-wide analyses, optimized clinical trial design, and regulatory processes to generate rapid evidence on tackling infection threats. The article highlights the risks posed by patient pathways and calls for a shift to patient-centered care, seamless integration between healthcare settings, and better data sharing to protect patients, staff, and healthcare resilience.