Clinical Trials
503
52 active
Approvals
0
Total approvals
Agencies
0
Regulatory bodies
Founded
1453
Active, not recruiting
13
2.6%
Completed
354
70.4%
Enrolling By Invitation
5
1.0%
Not yet recruiting
34
6.8%
Recruiting
46
9.2%
Suspended
1
0.2%
Temporarily Not Available
1
0.2%
Unknown
48
9.5%
Withdrawn
1
0.2%
No approval data available
- Two convergent studies published in Early Human Development link first-trimester prenatal estrogen exposure to larger head circumference in male newborns. - A digit-ratio study of 225 newborns found higher 2D:4D ratios in boys associated with larger head circumference; a direct blood-chemistry study of 47 pregnancies confirmed the same pattern. - The findings provide the most direct empirical support yet for the estrogenized ape hypothesis, which proposes that rising prenatal estrogen drove both skeletal feminization and brain expansion in human evolution. - Researchers caution that head circumference is a proxy for brain volume, not intelligence, and that the evolutionary trade-off may carry male-specific health costs including cardiovascular problems and reduced fertility.
- A single-center retrospective study of 154 breast cancer patients found that intraoperative frozen section analysis of sentinel lymph nodes after neoadjuvant chemotherapy did not provide additional surgical benefit. - Among patients who underwent frozen section, 15% received immediate ALND, yet half of these showed no metastatic lymph nodes on final pathology, indicating unnecessary extensive surgery. - All local recurrences, cancer-related deaths, and lymphedema cases occurred exclusively in the frozen section group, though differences were not statistically significant. - Researchers conclude that omitting routine frozen section analysis in clinically node-negative patients after NACT can maintain oncologic safety while reducing surgical morbidity.
