Common Decision Making Deficits in Suicidal Behaviors and Eating Disorders

Aim of Study impulsivity and its relation to different self harm behaviors, specifically suicidal attempts, is an ongoing field of study which has already been widely discussed. Yet to this date, the relationship remains unclear and somewhat confusing. Possible explanations for this might be due to the fact that impulsivity is an ill-defined concept leading to numerous definitions used by different studies and the fact that it has a trait and state aspect to it. Clinical experience and theory leads to the assumption that impulsivity plays a very important role in suicide. Novel research in the field of decision making could possibly lead to a breakthrough in improving assessment and prevention of suicide attempts and learning more of this complex relationship.

The study of obsessive thinking patterns and their contribution to suicide is less prominent. In spite of the lack of magnitude in research, when looking at underlying mechanisms it is noticeable that both impulsivity and obsessive thinking share common factors and are congruent in many ways. Determining more about the nature of different obsessive thinking patterns such as self destructive thoughts, rumination and over-valued ideas manifested by an inner voice is crucial from two points of view: on one hand learning more about the relation between the different patterns, and their mutual and independent effect on self harm behavior. On the other hand, observing them as complementing factors to impulsivity which may lead to a better understanding of the latter. Studying the interaction between trait impulsivity and different obsessive thinking patterns could lead to a better understanding of the theoretical gap discussed in the literature review between suicidal ideators and attempters.

Literature has proven that observing behavioral patterns in decision making tasks could serve as a better predictor to self harm and suicidal behavior, compared to solely relying on self report. The investigators intention is to try and find correlations between the personality dimensions of impulsivity and obsessive thinking and specific behavioral patterns indicating suicidal and self harm behavior. Understanding more on impulsive and obsessive thinking patterns and their effect on self harm behaviors in "real life" situations can raise the ecological validity and aid in exporting research conclusions to a clinical setting.

The investigators research will recruit a population which is known to feature both impulsivity and obsessive thinking patterns, such as in Eating Disorders, where their co-existence has been proven empirically yet the nature of the interaction is not fully understood. Eating disorder individuals are also at higher risk of attempting suicide and exhibiting self harm behaviors in general compared to a non clinical population, making it a relevant group to the proposed study.

The investigators propose that impulsive behavior and obsessive thinking patterns have a negative effect on performance in decision making situations. When there is a tendency to make bad decisions the risk of executing different forms of self harm rises, including suicidal behavior and eating disorders.