The Effectiveness of Negotiating Self-Determination to Reduce Cigarette Consumption (NSD-RCC) Among Smokers Attending Outpatient Clinics: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 入组人数
- 1,566
- 主要终点
- biochemically validated abstinence using exhaled CO test
研究概览
简要总结
Background: Smokers attended to outpatient clinics present an excellent 'teachable moment' for smoking cessation interventions. This protocol paper describes the rationale and methods of a large randomized controlled trial which aims to evaluate the effectiveness of negotiating self-determination to reduce cigarette consumption among smokers attending outpatient clinics
Methods: A randomized controlled trial will be conducted in 10 out-patient clinics in Hong Kong. Subjects in the intervention group will receive a brief intervention on smoking reduction plus a smoking reduction leaflet. Additionally, subjects will be asked to think about a smoking reduction schedule for themselves after the negotiation with the counsellor. Subjects in the control group will receive a brief advice on quitting plus a leaflet on smoking cessation. Four consecutive (1, 3, 6 and 12 months) follow-ups will be conducted. The primary outcome measure is biochemically validated abstinence at 6 months. Secondary outcomes are: (i) biochemically validated abstinence at 12 months, (ii) self-reported 7-day point prevalence of abstinence at 6 and 12 months, (iii) self-reported reduction of ≥ 50% in cigarette consumption at 6 and 12 months, and (iv) self-efficacy against tobacco at 6 and 12 months.
详细描述
This study aims to test the effectiveness of negotiating self-determination to reduce cigarette consumption (NSD-RCC) among smokers attending outpatient clinics.
Intervention Group (QP) Subjects in this group will receive a brief intervention on smoking reduction with a warning message plus a smoking reduction leaflet (the content will include a roadmap of smoking reduction strategy and information on how to cope with nicotine withdrawal symptoms). The whole intervention will last about 1 minute or slightly longer if necessary. In addition, subjects will be asked to think about a tailored smoking reduction schedule for themselves after the negotiation with the trained counsellor. For the subsequent telephone follow up in the intervention group, information on reduction and cessation will be collected, followed by a "booster" intervention, which will repeat the health warning to positively encourage them to reinforce their efforts and the next reduction target.
Control Group (QI) Subjects in the QI group will always be advised to quit immediately rather than to quit progressively. Subjects will receive a brief advice on quitting with a warning message similar to subjects in the QP group. In addition, subjects will receive a self-help quitting pamphlet published by the Hong Kong Council on Smoking and Health (COSH). Unlike the QP group, subjects in the QI group will not receive smoking reduction intervention and leaflet, and "booster" intervention during telephone follow-ups. However, they will undergo a similar schedule of telephone follow-up as those in the QP group.
Data collection
After completing the baseline questionnaire, subjects will receive proposed intervention according to their group assignment. Four consecutive follow-ups (at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months) will be conducted over the telephone by trained interviewers. Interviewers will first carry out outcome assessments with blinding to group status. Then, the group status will be disclosed so that the intervention group will receive the booster intervention and the control group will not. Smokers who have successfully quit smoking at 6-month will be invited to come back to the out-patient clinic and have biochemical validation tests (saliva cotinine test and exhaled CO test).
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Treatment
- 盲法
- Single (Outcomes Assessor)
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 —（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •who are Chinese
- •aged 18 years or above
- •who smoke at least two cigarettes per day
- •with moderate to severe nicotine dependence, and
- •have no intention to quit smoking ≤7 days, but are interested in reducing the number of cigarettes smoked per day .
排除标准
- •with unstable medical conditions as advised by the doctor in charge,
- •with poor cognitive state or mental illness,
- •who participate in other smoking cessation programmes or services,
- •with mild nicotine dependence, or
- •who claim that they can quit ≤7 days
结局指标
主要结局
biochemically validated abstinence using exhaled CO test
时间窗: 6 months
次要结局
- biochemically validated abstinence using exhaled CO test(12 months)
- self-reported 7-day point prevalence of abstinence(12 months)
- self-reported reduction of ≥ 50% in cigarette consumption(12 months)
- self-efficacy against tobacco(12 months)
- biochemically validated abstinence using saliva cotinine test(12 months)