Effects of a Novel Intervention to Reduce Dietary Added-Sugar Consumption During the Transition to College: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 702
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Change from Baseline Added-Sugar Consumption at 6 Weeks
研究概览
简要总结
The goal of this cluster randomized controlled trial was to compare the effects of two single-session interventions (sugar-intensive vs. general health control) on added sugar intake, motivation to reduce sugar consumption, and factual knowledge about added sugar 6 weeks later, in a sample of first-semester undergraduates.
详细描述
Excessive sugar consumption is recognized as a critical public health concern. For many young adults, the transition to college presents both risk and a promising opportunity to encourage formation of healthy dietary habits. Capitalizing on this window of opportunity, we conducted a cluster-randomized controlled trial to compare the effects of two single-session interventions on added sugar intake in a sample of first-semester undergraduates. Participants received either an intervention primarily focused on reducing added sugar consumption or a general health behavior intervention with units on physical activity, sleep, and healthy diet. Participants' added sugar intake, motivation to reduce sugar consumption, and factual knowledge about added sugar intake were compared at follow-up.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Prevention
- 盲法
- Single (Participant)
盲法说明
Participants were unaware that another condition existed.
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 —（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Students aged 18 years and older, enrolled in online sections of a required transition-to-college course at a large public university in the Southwest region of the U.S. All students in online sections of this class received the single-session intervention during their normal class period, early in the Fall 2020 semester, and were eligible to participate.
排除标准
- •Age < 18 years.
研究组 & 干预措施
Sugar Intensive Treatment
The Sugar-Intensive Intervention touched on exercise, sleep, and other aspects of healthy diet, but focused primarily on added sugar reduction. Beyond defining added sugar, the sugar-intensive intervention also included: information on how sugar is metabolized; description of health risks associated with excessive added sugar; opportunities to rehearse women's and men's recommended daily maxima; a game guessing the sugar content of various foods and beverages; information on proportion of undergraduates at their university who report being motivated to reduce their sugar intake; training in finding added-sugar information in nutritional labels; and concrete suggestions for replacing high-sugar foods and beverages with healthy options, and managing tempting situations.
干预措施: Sugar Intensive Treatment (Behavioral)
General Health Control
The General Health Intervention presentation covered Healthy People 2030 goals regarding physical activity (aerobic exercise, strength training), healthy eating (fruit, vegetable, and whole grain consumption; decreasing consumption of saturated fats and added sugar), and sleep (minimum of 7 hours per night), as well as healthy stress management/emotion regulation. The health benefits/risks associated with each goal were described, along with suggested strategies for achieving each goal. This version of the intervention also included a definition of added sugar and information about the recommended daily added-sugar maxima for women and men, but served mainly as an active control condition for testing the effects of the target intervention of interest.
干预措施: General Health Control (Behavioral)
结局指标
主要结局
Change from Baseline Added-Sugar Consumption at 6 Weeks
时间窗: 6 weeks post-intervention
Change from baseline in consumption of specific high-sugar foods and beverages each day during the week preceding assessment. Using a matrix with days as columns and food/beverage items as rows, participants reported number of servings consumed of each food per day of that week: regular soda/pop/sweet iced tea (12oz), energy drinks (1 can), fully sweetened sports drinks (12oz), sugar-syrup coffee drinks (small = 8-12 oz = 1 serving; med = 1.5 servings; large = 2 servings), mixed drinks/cocktails (1 drink), donut/sweet pastry/danish (1 whole), muffin/cake-type bread slice (1 whole), fresh flavored yogurt (½ cup), cookie/brownie (3 oz), cupcake/slice of cake (1 whole), slice of pie (1 whole), ice cream/frozen yogurt (½ cup), and candy (¼ cup). Servings were multiplied by grams added sugar/serving for each item based on the National Cancer Institute Dietary Health Questionnaire-III, and summed across items to obtain total weekly added sugar.
次要结局
- Change from Baseline Sleep at 6 Weeks(6 weeks post-intervention)
- Motivation to reduce added-sugar consumption(6 weeks post-intervention)
- Added sugar factual knowledge(6 weeks post-intervention)
- Change from Baseline Exercise at 6 Weeks(6 weeks post-intervention)