Efficacy of Bibliotherapy Combined With Games to Reduce Fear of the Dark in Young Children: Results From a Clinical Trial
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 39
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- Nighttime fears
研究概览
简要总结
Intense fear of the dark is a common issue among children, which can interfere with their daily functioning at family, social, and academic levels. This study aims to analyse the effectiveness of a psychotherapeutic intervention based on bibliotherapy combined with play to overcome the fear of the dark in children between 4 and 8 years old. A total of 38 children participated, who were assigned to the experimental and control conditions on the waiting list. The bibliotherapy intervention in the experimental condition involved reading a book and playing the games proposed in each chapter. The intervention was applied by parents at home with their children (during 4-5 weeks) and contained cognitive-behavioural techniques, such as gradual in vivo exposure, relaxation techniques, modelling and positive reinforcement, among others. It is expected that children's nighttime fears will decrease significantly and there will be significant improvements in nighttime behaviour.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Non Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Treatment
- 盲法
- None
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 3 Years 至 8 Years（Child）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •Being between 4 and 8 years old
- •Obtaining a score of 32 or higher on the Parent Version of the Nighttime Fears Scale (NFS-P; Orgilés et al., 2024)
排除标准
- •Not being within the established age range
- •Scoring less than 31on the Parent Version of the Nighttime Fears Scale (NFS-P; Orgilés et al., 2024)
结局指标
主要结局
Nighttime fears
时间窗: Pre- and post-intervention assessment (treatment lasts 4-5 weeks). There will also be a follow-up assessment 12 months after the end of the intervention.
Parent Version of the Nighttime Fears Scale (NFS-P): The NFS-P assesses school-age children's level of fear at night, as reported by their parents. It contains four subscales: fear of nighttime features and distressing experiences (stimuli associated with darkness), fear of loss or separation from family (loss or non-presence of attachment figures and other family members), fear of imaginary stimuli (non-factual stimuli that may be likely to cause fear) and fear of real stimuli. It consists of 21 items that ask about night-time situations that are likely to cause fear in children. These items have a 5-point response scale, ranging from 0 (Not at all) to 4 (Very much). The higher the score, the greater the intensity of night-time fears.
次要结局
- Nighttime functioning(Pre- and post-intervention assessment (treatment lasts 4-5 weeks). There will also be a follow-up assessment 12 months after the end of the intervention.)
- Adaptive nocturnal behaviours(Pre- and post-intervention assessment (treatment lasts 4-5 weeks). There will also be a follow-up assessment 12 months after the end of the intervention.)
研究者
Mireia Orgilés Amorós
Dr.
Universidad Miguel Hernandez de Elche