Valuation of Maternal Fetal Cardiac Structure and Function in Pregnancies With Cardiovascular Disease：a Prospective, Multicenter, Clinical Trial

Globally, the incidence rate of pregnancy with cardiovascular disease is about 1-4%, and about 15% of maternal deaths are caused by pregnancy with cardiovascular disease related complications. With the opening of China's three children policy and the increase of older mothers, the proportion of maternal deaths caused by pregnancy combined with cardiovascular disease has increased year by year, which has become the primary cause of death of critically ill pregnancies in China. In addition, maternal cardiovascular disease is also the cause of fetal growth and development, cardiac structure abnormalities, and myocardial function damage. Therefore, early sensitive detection of changes in maternal and fetal cardiac structure and function during pregnancy, accurate risk assessment of pregnancy, detailed risk stratification, timely intervention and early evaluation of therapeutic efficacy can greatly reduce maternal mortality and ensure maternal and fetal safety.

Echocardiography is the preferred method for maternal fetal heart examination during pregnancy, because it is safe and convenient, and has no radiation risk to pregnancies and fetus. It can accurately and quickly measure and evaluate cardiac cavity size, hemodynamic changes and cardiac function, and can timely detect changes in the structure and function of pregnancies and fetuses at an early stage, and conduct continuous follow-up and close monitoring in different periods of pregnancy. In recent years, most of the domestic and foreign studies on the evaluation of echocardiography in pregnancy with cardiovascular disease are single center, small sample studies, mostly for a single disease, and the follow-up time is short. Some research results are contradictory and controversial, which can not accurately reflect the maternal fetal heart changes in pregnancy with cardiovascular disease. Therefore, it is urgent to conduct a large sample, multi-center study on the evaluation of cardiovascular disease in pregnancy by echocardiography in order to provide important reference and value for the stratification and management of pregnancy risk.

In conclusion, this study used echocardiography to evaluate the changes of maternal and fetal cardiac structure and function in pregnancies with cardiovascular disease, and to explore the impact of cardiovascular disease on maternal and fetal cardiac structure and function, so as to provide an important reference for obstetric pregnancy risk stratification and management, and help clinical monitoring and management of pregnancy with cardiovascular disease.