Identifying Maturity-onset Diabetes of the Young in Susceptible Emirati Patients Who Are Currently Treated as Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 尚未招募
- 入组人数
- 150
- 主要终点
- To see how many patient with diabetes diagnosed at early age with features not suggestive of type 1 or type 2 are found to have MODY monogenic diabetes (commonest subtypes) among young Emirati patients
研究概览
简要总结
Diabetes Mellitus is a disease that affects nearly 1 in 5 people in United Arab Emirates and is one of leading causes of death and disability. The main reason for this condition is either relative or near complete deficiency of essential hormone made by our pancreas called "insulin", which is required to utilize blood sugar (glucose), and insulin shortage leads to increased blood glucose. The common types of this condition include type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (the most common with almost 90% of all diabetes patients having this condition), which is related to mismatch of body requirements and production of essential hormone called insulin (relative deficiency) and type 1 diabetes, in which body's own defense system causes of destruction of insulin producing cells in the pancreas (near complete deficiency of insulin). However, in younger age group (below the age of 35) there is another type of diabetes which affects nearly 1 out 1000 people and is Maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY). MODY is a condition passed by parents in 50% of the kids due to an affected single gene and most common forms of MODY do not require any Insulin treatment. However as type 1 Diabetes is generally identified in younger age group, 80% of patient who have MODY cannot be diagnosed and are labelled with other forms of diabetes instead, and may receive unnecessary insulin injections. Although, there has been a lot of research done in the west on prevalence of MODY in white/Caucasian population, the studies in Middle East are minimal. Also, in the white/Caucasian population, a reliable risk calculator has been developed that predicts the risk of having MODY, which if found to be high, is then confirmed by genetic testing for MODY. There is no study available on presence of MODY or on the reliability of the MODY risk calculator among young Emirati population. There is also no data on MODY being misdiagnosed as other forms of diabetes in Emirati population.
This study proposal aims to address this gap of knowledge and assess the reliability of MODY calculator in young Emirati patients with diabetes and to see if any MODY patient exist in Diabetes clinics of Tawam hospital Abu Dhabi, who may have been misdiagnosed as type 1 or type 2.
详细描述
Background:
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) affects more than half a billion people world-over, and there are nearly 72 million patients with diabetes in Middle East & North Africa (MENA) region with United Arab Emirates having nearly a million of them.1 The most common type of DM is type 2 DM (nearly 90%) with impaired insulin secretion and usually associated with resistance to insulin actions, while others include gestational diabetes, DM secondary to pancreatic injury, immune mediated type 1 DM and monogenic diabetes. Monogenic diabetes encompasses previously termed maturity onset diabetes of the young as well as neonatal and mitochondrial disease all resulting from single gene defect. The prevalence of Monogenic Diabetes in European and North American population (mainly Caucasians) is 1/10,000 among adults, but for glucokinase (GCK) variant the prevalence can be as high as 1/1000. The prevalence of Monogenic Diabetes / MODY in Middle East population is not known with only two studies of more than 50 patients is Israel and Jordan mainly on GCK subtype. At present over 80% of Monogenic Diabetes patient are misdiagnosed and treated as either Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes mellitus. The commonest forms of treatment-requiring MODY are HNF4-alpha and HNF1-alpha, which do not necessarily require insulin, hence correct diagnosis can be life changing of these patients. There is MODY risk calculator developed by Exeter University that helps predict the presence of Monogenic diabetes but it is validated for Caucasian population only with no data on Emirati population. There are no studies at present on either assessing the presence of MODY in United Arab Emirates population or on identifying MODY patients who are already misdiagnosed with other forms of diabetes.
The aim of this study to assess the presence of common forms of Monogenic diabetes by genetic testing in susceptible adolescents/adults (based on MODY calculator risk factors & antibody testing) who are already diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus (either type 1 or Type 2)
Objective:
Primary:
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Na
- 干预模型
- Single Group
- 主要目的
- Diagnostic
- 盲法
- None
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 12 Years 至 45 Years（Child, Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •Age > 11; both male or female, Emirati patients only
- •Diagnosed to have Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus diagnosed before the age of 40 and after the age of 6 months.
- •Attended Tawam hospital during the last 1 year.
- •All previous antibodies testing being negative.
- •Absence of ketoacidosis / significant ketosis in the past medical records
排除标准
- •BMI of 40 or above (class 3 / severe obesity)
- •History of Secondary diabetes (e.g. Diabetes following pancreatitis)
- •Absent/Decreased C-peptide activity suggestive of Type 1 Diabetes
结局指标
主要结局
To see how many patient with diabetes diagnosed at early age with features not suggestive of type 1 or type 2 are found to have MODY monogenic diabetes (commonest subtypes) among young Emirati patients
时间窗: 24 months
To assess the frequency of MODY monogenic diabetes (commonest subtypes) among patients already labelled as Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes (who have negative autoimmunity, lack of significant ketosis and either family history of diabetes in one parent or BMI\<40).
次要结局
- To compare the value of MODY risk calculator and genetic testing outcome in Emirati patients(24 months)
- To find out the antibodies present in young patient with diabetes and if they are helpful in ruling out monogenic diabetes(24 months)
- To see if C-peptide activity helps in differentiating monogenic diabetes from type 1(24 months)
研究者
Dr Adnan Agha
Assistant Professor, Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University
United Arab Emirates University