Comparative Evaluation of LigaSure Versus Bipolar Diathermy in Thyroidectomy: A Single-Center Study From Upper Egyp

Thyroidectomy is a standard surgical procedure for treating benign and malignant thyroid disorders. Achieving precise hemostasis is essential to minimize intraoperative bleeding, preserve vital structures such as the recurrent laryngeal nerve and parathyroid glands, and prevent complications like hematoma and infection. Conventional bipolar diathermy has long been used to achieve hemostasis, but it can result in greater lateral thermal spread, prolonged operative time, and potential thermal injury to adjacent tissues.

LigaSure, an advanced vessel sealing system, combines pressure and energy to achieve permanent vessel fusion and can seal vessels up to 7 mm in diameter with minimal lateral thermal damage. Its use in thyroid surgery has been associated with improved surgical field visibility, reduced intraoperative bleeding, and shorter operative time compared to bipolar diathermy.

Additionally, LigaSure may lower the risk of postoperative complications, including transient hypocalcemia and recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy, due to its precise energy delivery and limited collateral damage.

However, existing studies have shown variable results regarding the magnitude of these benefits, and the cost-effectiveness of LigaSure compared with conventional bipolar diathermy remains uncertain. Therefore, a prospective randomized controlled trial is required to provide conclusive evidence regarding its role in reducing operative time and postoperative complications during thyroidectomy.