The Effect Of Posıtıve Psychotherapy-Based Courtesy And Honesty Psycoeducatıon On Effectıve Communıcatıon Skılls In Nursıng Students: The Key Model Of Courtesy And Integrıty

Positive psychotherapy (PPT) is a humanistic-based, universal type of therapy derived from the positive psychology movement and developed by Nossrat Pessechkian in Germany in the 1960s. Although positive psychotherapy is basically based on analytical psychotherapies, it includes therapy approaches such as gestalt therapy and existential therapy and exhibits an eclectic approach with its unique methods. Among the basic concepts of positive psychotherapy are the capacities to love and to know, which are thought to be the two basic abilities that every person is born with. Later, he argues that these two basic abilities turn into other sub-skills over time and that many conflicts in daily life arise from the development of these abilities more or less. Conflicts have an important place in positive psychotherapy. It divides it into three main conflicts: real, fundamental and key conflict. The conflicts that the individual has experienced in daily life are real conflicts; Conflicts between primary or secondary abilities are expressed as basic conflicts. In this study, the conflict of courtesy and honesty, which is one of the key conflicts, is discussed. In terms of positive psychotherapy, the concept of honesty means that individuals are open. When individuals believe that openness and honesty are more important than being respectful of others, they openly express their opinions in a very open and direct way. This means that they use their honesty skills at a high level. Treating others with respect and courtesy is defined as courtesy. Courtesy is also a concept that is considered in the communication process. At this point, courtesy; It means to communicate by considering the feelings of the other people . Overuse of courtesy leads to the inability of the person to express himself honestly and to the role of victim, while overuse of the ability of honesty causes him to turn into a rudeness devoid of courtesy and to play an oppressive role. Therefore, the balanced use of courtesy and honesty skills is important. A courtesy that lacks honesty or a courtesy that does not contain honesty appears as a conflict in communication and interpersonal relations. Key conflicts between people are likely to occur frequently in daily life. Skills studies are carried out in positive psychotherapy in order to ensure the balanced use of honesty and courtesy skills in individuals. E.g; Raising awareness about the use of kindness and honesty skills and developing effective communication skills are the working subjects of positive psychotherapy.

Being able to communicate effectively is closely related to the balanced use of courtesy and honesty skills. Because, among the conditions of effective communication, it is emphasized that people should not play the role of oppressor or victim while expressing themselves. The ability to communicate effectively has a critical importance for professional groups such as nursing, which is based on human-to-human relations. It is very important for nurses to establish healthy and effective communication with the patient they care for, and to use their honesty and courtesy skills in a balanced way while establishing this communication. In the researches, it is seen that the skills of conflict management, problem solving and effective communication in the basic steps of effective communication are not at the desired level. It has been determined that they have difficulties in communicating especially with patients and their familie. However, in order to provide quality and qualified care to sick or healthy individuals with different needs; It is expected that they will be able to communicate effectively with them, use their courtesy-honest skills in a measured way, or gain the skills to manage crisis/conflict situations in a healthy way. In this context, students should have a high level of developing positive behaviors in interpersonal relations, establishing a balance of kindness and honesty in communication, overcoming conflicts easily, and thus establishing effective communication skills. For this reason, it is thought that the psychoeducation program will be effective in facilitating effective communication skills. When the literature is examined, it is seen that psychoeducation is very beneficial for students. When the international or national literature on positive psychotherapy is examined, it is seen that researches mostly consist of subjects such as creating life goals, depression, motivation to quit smoking, and creating a life purpose. However, it is seen that the studies on the key conflict issue are quite limited in the literature. It is also known that PPT has only just begun to enter the nursing literature. Therefore, this research is important both in terms of contributing to the nursing literature and in terms of its originality.

The aim of this study is to determine the effect of kindness and honesty key psychoeducation based on positive psychotherapy on effective communication skills in nursing students