Effect of Parenteral Glutamine on Myocardial Injury and Inflammation Biomarkers in Patients Undergoing to Cardiac Surgery With and Without Cardiopulmonary Bypass

Introduction: Cardiac surgery is performed in order to improve function and decrease the incidence of cardiac events. The provision of different metabolic substrates before and during cardiac surgery can have beneficial effects, limiting the damage caused by ischemia / reperfusion (I / R) induced by this type of surgery with and without cardiopulmonary bypass, reflected in a better recovery and survive. Glutamine (GLN) is a non-essential amino acid should be a primary part of medical and nutritional therapy in severe patients, since the reduction of this is associated in various critical conditions including multiple trauma, sepsis or after major surgery. In cardiac patients, the concentration of intracellular GLN is always reduced regardless of the surgical technique used.

Objective: To analyze the effect of parenteral glutamine in the biomarkers of myocardial injury and inflammation in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with and without cardiopulmonary bypass.

Hypothesis: Supplementation with parenteral glutamine reduces the expression of biomarkers of myocardial injury and inflammation in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with and without cardiopulmonary bypass.

Material and methods: A randomized controlled clinical trial will be carried out according to the consort 2010 criteria, in a period from October 2018 to September 2020. A total of 124 patients will be included that will be randomized as follows: 14 patients with referral cardiopulmonary + Glutamine and 14 patients without cardiopulmonary bypass + Glutamine who will receive the dipeptide L-alanyl-L-glutamine, at a dose of 0.4 g / kg of weight 6 hours before surgery and 14 patients with cardiopulmonary bypass and 14 patients without bypass cardiopulmonary, who will receive placebo in the form of saline solution in a volume similar to the control 6 hours before the surgical intervention. Blood samples will be taken to measure the level of TROP-I, CPK-MB, HSP-70, TNFα, IL6, IL10 and PCR 1 hour before the administration of Glutamine / Placebo, 1 hour before surgery, then 1 hour after of surgery and at 12 and 24 hours after surgery to be taken to the laboratory of the Post-surgical Coronary Care Unit and obtain the reading of the samples.

Statistical analysis: Averages and standard deviations for quantitative variables will be calculated; frequencies and proportions in qualitative variables. For statistical inference. Quantitative variables will be analyzed with Student's t-test for independent samples. ANOVA will be used for repeated measurements in each group to obtain the difference of the final value minus the initial one in the dependent variable (δ). Considering two-tailed tests, any value of p <0.05 will be considered statistically significant. The data will be captured in an Excel file and the statistical analysis will be carried out with the statistical package SPSS version 20.0, (SPSS, Chicago, ILL, U.S.A.).