Effects of Combined Electrical Muscle Simulator and Mirror Therapy in Upper Limb Stroke Patients

Stroke or CVA is the sudden death of the brain cells due to inadequate blood flow, it's a focal disturbance of cerebral function, with symptoms lasting for 24hrs or longer or leading to death, with no apparent cause other than of vascular origin. The commonest consequence of stroke is loss of upper limb function. The protocol planned for improving the function of the upper limb is mirror therapy combined with EMS and compare with constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) treatment in stroke patients Many works done on CIMT and mirror therapy in rehabilitation prove to be powerful tools for upper limbs in people with stroke. Different studies concluded that CIMT is more effective than Mirror Therapy (MT) in the upper extremity in stroke patients. An RCT was published in 2019 in which mirror therapy combined with electrical stimulation proves to be effective in stroke patients. However, I have not found a study comparing EMS combined with Mirror therapy compared to CIMT treatment in stroke patients. According to the Alternate hypothesis mirror therapy combined with EMS has beneficial effects on clinical outcomes in upper limb stroke patients. According to the null hypothesis, CIMT has better results in stroke patients as compared to EMS combined with Mirror therapy.