Translation, Cross-cultural Adaptation, Reliability and Validity of the Traumatic Injuries Distress Scale to Turkish

The Traumatic Injuries distress Scale (TIDS) is commonly used to measure methods of coping with various forms of Traumatic Injuries. TIDS is a self-report questionnaire developed by David M. Walton et al. in 2016 to assess the magnitude of stress experienced as a result of recent musculoskeletal trauma. It is administered between 2 days and 4 weeks after injury and is used to estimate the likelihood of recovery within 6 to 12 months. Each item in the TIDS questionnaire, which consists of 12 items, is scored as 0, 1, or 2, and the total score is at least 0 and at most 24. The total TIDS score is interpreted as low risk (≤ 3), medium or unknown risk (4 to 10), and high risk (≥ 11) according to the score obtained. TIDS consists of three subscales: 1) uncontrolled pain (4 items), 2) negative affect (6 items), and 3) intrusion/hyperarousal (2 items). Each of the subscales has guiding features for clinicians to determine treatment priorities such as pain management, cognitive or psychological intervention, and stress management techniques. It is recommended that when the uncontrolled pain subscale score is 3 and above, the applications should be aimed at symptom control, when the negative affect score is 3 and above, the applications should be aimed at correcting negative mood, and when the intrusion/hyperarousal score is 1 and above, the applications should be aimed at treating anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder.

The questionnaires validity and reliability were examined, and good findings were found, leading to the tools widespread use. The purpose of this study was to translate and culturally adapt the original English version of the TIDS into Turkish, as well as to evaluate the instruments validity and reliability in patients with traumatic musculoskeletal injury.