Effect of Husband Attendance on Anesthesia Performance and Maternal-Neonatal Outcomes During Elective Cesarean Section Under Spinal Anesthesia: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Family-centered perinatal care has become an integral component of modern obstetric practice, emphasizing emotional support and shared parental experiences during childbirth. The presence of an additional individual in the operating room may influence workflow dynamics, potentially introducing distractions or compromising adherence to sterile protocols. These factors could theoretically affect anesthesia administration, surgical timing, and perioperative safety. Conversely, emotional support from the husband may reduce maternal anxiety, improve overall experience, and indirectly influence physiological responses during surgery.