Pre-etched Bioactive Versus Resin- Based Fissure Sealant for Permanent Molars Affected With Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH): A Randomized Clinical Trial

Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) poses a significant clinical challenge in pediatric dentistry due to enamel fragility, hypersensitivity, and increased susceptibility to caries. While conventional resin-based fissure sealant (RBFS) is the gold standard fissure sealant material for occlusal caries, its performance on hypomineralized enamel remains suboptimal. Bioactive sealants are newly developed materials that promote remineralization and utilize both mechanical and chemical adhesion; however, they demonstrate poor retention when used with their self-etching primer. Bioactive sealants with phosphoric acid pre-etching may offer improved clinical outcomes for MIH-affected teeth. This study aims to evaluate and compare the clinical performance of pre-etched bioactive fissure sealants to conventional RBFS in permanent molars affected by MIH in terms of retention, marginal integrity, caries prevention effect, and sensitivity. Participants will be randomly allocated to receive either a bioactive sealant with phosphoric acid pre-etching or conventional RBFS. Clinical evaluations will be performed at 3-, 6-, and 12- months post-application using Modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria to assess retention, marginal adaptation, and secondary caries formation. Pre and postoperative sensitivity will be measured using the Schiff Cold Air Sensitivity Scale (SCASS).