Feasibility of Using a Consumer-based Mobile App to Improve Fatigue and Emotional Symptoms in Myeloproliferative Neoplasm Patients

This was a four-group, randomized controlled trial with a cross-over design. Patients were enrolled into one of four groups with varying order of receiving two consumer-based meditation smartphone (i.e., unnamed consumer-based app [CB app], Calm app) apps in 4-week increments over eight weeks. Group #1 received the CB App followed by the Calm app; Group #2 received the Calm app followed by the CB app; Group #3 received educational control followed by the CB app and Group #4 received educational control followed by the Calm app.

MPN patients were recruited online through MPN organizational partners with a single page, broad overview of the study and its requirements. The study was advertised as a smartphone app meditation study. MPN patients interested in the study were asked to complete an online eligibility questionnaire administered via Qualtrics. Researchers then checked completed eligibility questionnaires as they were completed and emailed patients with their eligibility status.

If ineligible, patients received an email stating their ineligibility status as well as links to both consumer-based apps used in the study in case the ineligible participant was interested in trying meditation. Eligible patients were invited to participate in a 20-minute phone appointment in which the study details and informed consent were described in detail. MPN patients who completed the intake appointment were then sent an informed consent electronically via Qualtrics that included a place for their electronic signature.

Upon receipt of the completed informed consent, participants were randomly assigned to one of four groups. A group assignment list was generated prior to study commencement with randomizer.org. This pre-generated list was then used by research personnel to place eligible, consented MPN patients into their group assignment (i.e., Group #1, Group #2, Group #3, Group #4; described below) in the order in which they consented to participate. Randomized participants were provided with a "welcome email" that contained a) a welcome letter introducing them to the study, b) a calendar detailing important study dates, c) instructions specific to the first assigned condition (i.e., CB app, Calm app, or educational control) to be introduced for the first four weeks. After participants completed the first of their two, four-week conditions (i.e., CB App, Calm, or control), they were provided with another email that included instructions specific to their final condition (i.e., CB app, Calm app, or educational control).

Unnamed Consumer-Based (CB) App The CB app was an already existing consumer-based smartphone app. The first and second week consisted of meditation that was basic introductory, and educational for those new to meditation. Weeks three and four consisted of a new and unique daily meditation that study participants could select from a library of meditations within the app. Each of the daily meditations had a different focus (e.g., grief, gratitude, choice, letting go, etc.) and were ~10-12 minutes in length.