Clinical Spectrum of Infants of Diabetic Mothers , in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Assiut University Children's Hospital

The global incidence of diabetes mellitus including diabetes of pregnant women is on the rise .

Diabetes during pregnancy has been associated with several maternal and fetal problems .

Diabetes during pregnancy include gestational diabetes which is defined as carbohydrate intolerance of varying degrees with hyperglycemia starting during pregnancy ,generally develops in the second half of pregnancy .

While pregestational diabetes is the condition in which a woman with diabetes ( type 1 or commonly type 2 ) before the onset of pregnancy .

Both gestational and pregestational diabetes are associated with increased rates of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes . Adverse outcomes are more common with pregestational diabetes compared to gestational diabetes mellitus ; although , conflicting results have been reported .