Remineralization Potential of Bioactive Varnish Versus Sodium Fluoride Varnish in Management of White Spot Lesions: Randomized Controlled Trial

Surface pre-reacted glass-ionomer (S-PRG) technology represents a newer bioactive approach that extends beyond the effects of fluoride alone. S-PRG fillers release multiple ions, including fluoride, strontium, sodium, silicate, borate, and aluminum, which act synergistically to promote remineralization, buffer acidic conditions, and inhibit bacterial activity In vitro and clinical evidence indicates that S-PRG-containing materials promote enamel remineralization and lesion stabilization, as laboratory studies have shown enhanced subsurface lesion repair, reduced lesion depth, and improved enamel surface morphology compared with controls, while clinical applications of PRG Barrier Coat have demonstrated significant reductions in white spot lesion area and increased enamel hardness for up to one year