The Protective Effect of Melatonin in Patients Under Carotid Endarterectomy

Trial Title: The protective effect of melatonin in patients under carotid endarterectomy Protocol: Investigators recruited eligible Han Chinese participants (aged 40-80) who were diagnosed with carotid stenosis and had indications for carotid endarterectomy (CEA). Participants were excluded if participants had undergone surgical contraindication, or cardiovascular disease, or cerebral infarction within 3 months, or psychiatric disorders, or cancer, or pregnant, or lactating, or taking antipsychotic drugs during perioperative period. Participants were randomly divided into groups of CEA with oral melatonin, CEA with oral placebo, and CEA with blank control. Participants in groups of CEA with oral melatonin and CEA with oral placebo took melatonin orally 6mg/day or placebo from 3 days before operation to 3 days after operation. Blood samples (about 3 milliliter) were taken at baseline, 6h after the operation and 24h after the operation. Through a series hospital clinical laboratory and related ELISA kits to detect endothelial cell injury and ischemia reperfusion in serum markers. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), malonaldehyde (MDA), S100B protein, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf - 2), Interleukin 6 (IL-6), nuclear transcription factor κB p65 (NF-κB p65) were included for analysis to verify whether melatonin have protective effect in patients under carotid endarterectomy. This trial is approved by the Ethical Committee of Peking Union Medical College Hospital (No ZS 1057). All participants completed a questionnaire and signed an informed consent document. Otherwise, participants will get appropriate economic compensation. To achieve treatment concealment, melatonin and placebo in appearance and package were identically. Trial associates monitored compliance with the masking procedure throughout the trial. All participants and study investigators were unaware of treatment allocation throughout the study. The randomization codes remained sealed until after data collection and cleaning, and completion of a masked analysis. The study team monitored and classified protocol deviations. Investigators summarized baseline clinical and demographic characteristics with descriptive statistics and then determined by the Univariate Analysis of Variance. All the data analyses were done using statistical software SPSS 20.0.

Expected results: Compared with patients under CEA with placebo or blank, patients took melatonin have a lower vascular injury and ischemia reperfusion injury.

Consent document: The potential risk, research as a treatment drug of melatonin may delay the metabolism of antipsychotic antipsychotic drug, so when investigators recruit psychiatric disorders or taking antipsychotic drugs orally during the 2 weeks of the trial should exclusion. As a Health care medicine. Melatonin is not suitable for children, so investigators selected recruiting participants under the age of 40 to 80.

The measure to minimize the risk, fully inform the participants and their families the trial's advantages, disadvantages and desired effect. All participants totally agree with the subjects. In this process, at least three or more effective way to get contact with the medical staff or doctor and ensure that those unexpected accident should deserve effective tackle. Participants guarantee to comply with the criterion before start of the trial. Our research involves the application of melatonin is through the china food and drug administration (CFDA) approved to ensure its safety (include its chemical composition, structure, content parameters, main raw material and appropriate crowd). All staff is qualified medical professionals to guarantee the safety of all participants.

The potential risks or discomfort, or inconvenience, or benefits for participants: So far, effective of melatonin in human include regulating sleep, anti-tumor, immune regulation, regulating of inflammation and immune and regulating blood lipid metabolism is confirmed. Adverse reactions is slow the delay of antipsychotic drug metabolism (so nearly one month ago and during period of the trial participants should not taking antipsychotic drugs) during the trial. The basic principle during the trial is ensure safety of participants.