Effectiveness of a Judo-specific Injury Prevention Programme on Performance: a Randomized Controlled Trial in Judo Athletes
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 尚未招募
- 入组人数
- 40
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- Specific Judo Fitness Test (SJFT)
研究概览
简要总结
Judo is a popular international combat sport with an estimated 20 million active participants world-wide and participation in judo entails a substantial risk of injury in both elite and recreational judo. It is known that judo involves a significantly higher risk of sports per activity compared with another combat sports such as wrestling, karate, taekwondo an deven popular team sports such as football, basketball and volleyball. Therefore, preventing injuries in judo is so important and various interventions can use in this regard. These include; taping, warm-up and cool-down programs, proper technique trainings and exercise programs. Injury prevention programmes in other sports have been proven effective in reducing injury rates for elite and recreational athletes. In judo, research on exercise-based prevention is limited to the description of injury prevention programs, but the effectiveness of these programs has never been evaluated. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of the judo-specific ''IPPON'' warm-up programs for injury prevention of judokas on performance parameters and incidence of injuries among professional judo athletes. In this study, the investigators research the Judo-Specific Special Conditioning Test and the Isometric/Dynamic Judogi Grip Strength Test will be evaluated for performance parameters. In addition, the Upper and Lower Extremity Y Balance Test will be evaluated for balance and the Upper Extremity Internal/External Rotation Strength Test and the Lower Extremity Hamstring/Quadriceps Strength Test will be evaluated for muscle strength assessment. The Turkish translation of the Oslo Trauma Research Center Overuse Questionnaire (OSTRC-O) will be used to monitor the incidence of injuries among professional judo athletes.
详细描述
Judo is a popular international combat sport with an estimated 20 million active participants worldwide. Judo is characterised by the combination of balance, coordination, flexibility, agility, speed and strength with the aim to incapacitate their opponent. It is demanding of the neuromuscular and physical capacity of athletes. Participation in judo entails a substantial risk of injury in both elite and recreational judo. Injury prevention programmes in other sports have been proven effective in reducing injury rates for elite and recreational athletes. In judo, research on exercise-based prevention is limited to the description of injury prevention programmes, but the effectiveness of these programmes has never been evaluated. The main objective of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the bottom-up developed trainer-based IPPON intervention on the performance parameters compared with the usual warm-up in judo athletes. The secondary objectives were to evaluate injury severity, injury incidence, location-specific prevalences, time loss and sudden and gradual onset injury recurrence rates. We hypothesised that the IPPON intervention would increase performance parameters and reduce the overall injury prevalences. The IPPON intervention is an injury prevention programme designed specifically to reduce injuries in judo athletes. IPPON intervention mainly focuses on preventing musculoskeletal injuries of the shoulder, knee and ankle. The IPPON intervention consists of 36 exercises divided into (1) flexibility and agility, (2) balance and coordination and (3) strength and stability. Each category consisted of 12 exercises with 3 levels of difficulty. Athletes performed 4 exercises per category and thus 12 exercises at the start of the training at least two times per week. Prior to the intervention exercises, athletes completed running exercises and falling techniques. Athletes in the control group were instructed to continue their usual warm-up and regular judo practice as warm-up prior to training or competition is standard routine in judo. The duration of the IPPON intervention was aligned with the average duration of the usual warm-up in the control groups. Although, not measured in the study procedure, the approximate duration of warm-up was 15 min in both groups. The primary outcome was the performance parameters (Judo-Specific Special Conditioning Test, Isometric/Dynamic Judogi Grip Strength Test, Upper and Lower Extremity Y Balance Test, Upper Extremity Internal/External Rotation Strength Test, Lower Extremity Hamstring/Quadriceps Strength Test) over 8 weeks of follow-up, and secondary outcome was the overall injury prevalences (injury severity, injury incidence, location-specific prevalences, time loss and sudden and gradual onset injury recurrence rates) measured with the Turkish translation of the Oslo Trauma Research Center Overuse Questionnaire (OSTRC-O) at 2 weekly intervals over 16 weeks of follow-up.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Crossover
- 主要目的
- Prevention
- 盲法
- None
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 13 Years 至 —（Child, Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •age should be more than 13 years
- •the asymptomatic judokas with no history of major injury or surgery in last 6 months,
- •having experience in at least 3 years competitive judo,
- •actively participating in competitive judo at least 1 year,
- •competing at least in national level.
排除标准
- •competing in paralympic sports,
- •if they had any major injuries or surgeries in last 6 months,
- •if they had any systemic, neurological or rheumatological diseases,
- •being pre-pubertal stage (Tanner I) according to Tanner Scale,
- •indicated their unwillingness to participate to this study.
结局指标
主要结局
Specific Judo Fitness Test (SJFT)
时间窗: 8 weeks
The SJFT formula is based ona total of throws (TT) made in three sets (1-15 s, 2-30 s, 3-30 s) separated by a 10 s break and heart rate (HR) collected immediately after the test and after 1 min with the inversely related index as the primary outcome \[6\]. During each period the athlete (tori) been evaluated throws two partners (uke A and B; far from each by 6 m) as many time as possible using the ippon-seoi-nage technique. Both uke A and B should have a similar height and weight from the tori. Just after and one minute after the test heart rate is measured.
Isometric Judogi Grip Strength Test
时间窗: 8 weeks
Isometric judogi chin-up: the athletes were asked to keep their elbows flexed with their chin above the hands for as long as possible and holding time was clocked. The test was interrupted as soon as athletes were unable to maintain the initial isometric position. In this test, athletes were encouraged to maintain the position for as long as possible.
Dynamic Judogi Grip Strength Test
时间窗: 8 weeks
Dynamic judogi chin-up: the athletes were asked to stretch their elbows completely and then flex them until the chin was above the bar and repetitions of the complete exercise were counted. Only repetitions which were carried out completely were counted, and the test was interrupted as soon as athletes were no longer able to carry out the proposed exercise completely and/or gave up voluntarily. In this test, athletes were encouraged to carry out as many dynamic repetitions as possible.
Upper Extremity Y Balance Test (UQ-YBT)
时间窗: 8 weeks
UQ-YBT: All participants will be provided written instructions and then observed a demonstration performed by one of the investigators. In their socks or barefoot, the participants then assumed a pushup position with feet no greater than shoulder width apart. While maintaining the pushup position, the participant used his/her free hand to maximally reach, slowly and under control, in each of three directions Medial, Inferolateral, and Superolateral in a sequential order without the free hand touching down.
Lower Extremity Y Balance Test (LQ-YBT)
时间窗: 8 weeks
LQ-YBT: Consisted of unilateral lower extremity reaches in the ANT, PM and PL directions. After written instructions were given and the test was demonstrated by one of the instructors, the participants were asked to keep their stance heel down and hands on hips while performing each reach direction with the non-stance leg in socks or barefoot. After a one-minute rest period, the participants will be completed three formal testing trials for each of the ANT, PM, and PL directions.
Upper Extremity External/Internal Rotation (ER/IR) Muscle Strength Ratio
时间窗: 8 weeks
For the ER/IR muscle strength measurements, the Hand Held Dynamometer (Jamaar) will be placed 2 cm proximal of the processus styloideus ulnae, on the dorsal (ER strength) or ventral (IR strength) forearm during sitting position. Three repetitions of 5 seconds of maximal voluntary effort were performed using a ''make'' test (gradually increasing resistance up to maximum without ''breaking'' the subject's strength).
Lower Extremity Hamstring/Quadriceps (H/Q) Muscle Strength Ratio
时间窗: 8 weeks
Participants performed two maximal isometric repetitions intending to flex and extend the knee in each lower limb to assess isometric hamstring and quadriceps strength, respectively. Before the onset of the testing, participants performed a standardized and specific warm-up. For quadriceps, test will be performed on a custom-built bench while participants are in a seated position at 30° of knee flexion and 90° of hip flexion with stabilization straps around the thighs. For hamstring, the participant will be seated at the edge of a table with the hip and knee flexed to 90 degrees and hands gripping the sides of the table while the clinician stabilizes the dynamometer between the participant's leg and table. H/Q ratio will be calculated.
次要结局
- Oslo Trauma Research Center Overuse Questionnaire (OSTRC-O)(16 weeks)
研究者
SERCAN YILLI
Clinical Physical Therapist
Hacettepe University