Impact of Regular Low-Frequency Hemoperfusion on Medium- to Long-Term Prognosis in Maintenance Dialysis Patients: A Real-World Single-Center Retrospective Study

Clinical and laboratory data were collected for all enrolled patients. These included age, sex, underlying medical conditions, dialysis vintage, blood pressure, serum albumin, hemoglobin, platelet count, C-reactive protein (CRP), serum calcium, serum phosphorus, intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides, and serum β2-microglobulin. Time-averaged mean values were calculated for blood pressure and laboratory parameters across the entire follow-up period. Data on cardiovascular/cerebrovascular death and all-cause mortality over the past ten years were also compiled.

Given the considerably larger size of the Hemoperfusion Group compared with the Non-Hemoperfusion Group, propensity score matching (PSM) was performed by specialized statisticians during data processing to balance baseline characteristics between the two groups. This approach enabled a systematic assessment of the effect of regular low-frequency hemoperfusion on cardiovascular/cerebrovascular and all-cause mortality in MHD patients.