Assessing Delivery Approaches for Prehabilitation Trials in Ovarian Cancer: A Pilot Feasibility Patient-Preference Trial

Assessing Delivery Approaches for Prehabilitation Trials in Ovarian Cancer (ADAPT-OC) is a single-centre, three-arm, partially randomized patient-preference pilot feasibility trial designed to evaluate whether high-dose multimodal prehabilitation can be delivered with sufficient adherence in women preparing for ovarian cancer surgery. The study compares in-person prehabilitation, remote prehabilitation, and education-only to determine which delivery approach is most feasible and acceptable among women undergoing primary cytoreductive surgery for an ovarian mass. Findings from this pilot study will inform future work.

Postoperative complications remain common after gynecologic oncology surgery, and ovarian cancer surgery is associated with particularly high rates of morbidity. Low cardiorespiratory fitness, reduced muscle mass, poor nutritional status, and psychological distress contribute to reduced physiological reserve and increase vulnerability to surgical stress. Prehabilitation aims to improve physiological reserve before surgery through exercise, nutritional optimization, and psychological support. Although previous studies suggest prehabilitation may improve recovery and postoperative outcomes, recent trials have reported inconsistent findings, likely due to low exercise dose and poor adherence. Evidence suggests that achieving sufficient aerobic exercise volume is critical for improving cardiorespiratory fitness and surgical outcomes.

Barriers such as travel, scheduling, financial burden, fatigue, and limited access to hospital-based programs often reduce participation in traditional in-person prehabilitation. Remote delivery models may improve access, particularly for patients living outside major centres, but maintaining adherence without supervision remains challenging. Behaviour change strategies, including goal setting, self-monitoring, action planning, and personalized coaching, may improve adherence when integrated into digitally supported home-based programs. However, the feasibility of delivering a high-dose, application-supported, and behaviour change informed prehabilitation intervention in ovarian cancer patients is unknown.

Participants will be women aged 18 years or older undergoing surgery for an ovarian mass suspicious for malignancy at Kingston Health Sciences Centre, with at least 3 weeks until surgery. Following baseline assessments and informed consent, participants will be presented with 3 study options: in-person prehabilitation, remote prehabilitation, or education-only. Participants with a strong preference may choose their preferred group, while those without a preference will be randomized equally to one of the groups.

The intervention includes progressive aerobic exercise targeting at least 10 MET-hours per week above baseline, nutritional support through protein supplementation and dietary guidance, daily box breathing for stress management, weekly one-on-one coaching sessions, and use of the KingstonPrehab web application for tracking exercise, nutrition, breathing practice, and progress toward individualized goals. Coaching is guided by the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation-Behaviour (COM-B) framework and delivered by kinesiology-educated coaches. Participants in the control arm will receive standardized educational materials on prehabilitation concepts and postoperative recovery optimization only.