Efficacy of ultrasound combined with high-voltage galvanic current versus ultrasound with medium-frequency current in reducing pain and improving function in patients with mechanical back pain: a randomized controlled trial

This randomized controlled trial aims to compare the efficacy of two physiotherapeutic interventions—ultrasound combined with high-voltage pulsed galvanic current (HVPC) versus ultrasound with medium-frequency current (MFC)—in reducing pain and improving functional independence in patients with mechanical back pain. A total of 74 participants aged 18–65 years with subacute mechanical back pain (4–12 weeks) will be recruited from the physiotherapy OPD at UPUMS, Saifai. Participants will be randomly allocated into two groups: Group A will receive ultrasound + HVPC; Group B will receive ultrasound + MFC. Both interventions will be administered 3 times per week for 2 weeks.

Pain intensity (measured using the Global Pain Scale and Algometer) and functional independence (measured using the Oswestry Disability Index) will be assessed pre- and post-treatment, and at a 2-week follow-up. Data will be analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA. The study seeks to generate evidence on the comparative effectiveness of combining ultrasound with different electrical stimulation modalities for optimal clinical management of mechanical back pain.