Effects of Marble Play on Hand Grip Strength and Handwriting Skills Among School Going Children
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 尚未招募
- 入组人数
- 46
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- handwriting skills
研究概览
简要总结
This study aims to address the effects of a Marble Play on the handgrip strength and handwriting skills of primary school children, providing empirical evidence for a cost-effective and culturally relevant therapeutic tool. This study will be a randomized controlled trial. A total of 46 children from Grades 1-3 will be recruited via convenience sampling and randomly assigned to either an experimental group (n=23) or a control group (n=23).The experimental group will participate in one-on-one sessions of Marble Play game with
.The control group will continue with their regular free play activities. The primary assessment tools will be the Evaluation Tool of Children's Handwriting (ETCH) to measure writing legibility and speed, and a hand-held dynamometer to measure hand grip strength.
详细描述
In 2022, Audrey Saile and Mohd Hanafi Mohd Yasin hey conducted a study in Malaysia, to investigate the efficacy of fine motor training for improving handwriting legibility among students with special educational needs. Their study used a quasi-experimental pre-test/post test design but was limited by a very small, purposefully selected sample of only four students.
Despite this limitation, the results indicated a positive outcome: the treatment group showed an average 15-point increase on a modified Handwriting Legibility Scale, improving their performance from "very poor" to "moderate." The authors concluded that fine motor training is a valuable intervention for enhancing the handwriting skills of SEN students.
Current literature reveals a significant gap in research examining marble play as a targeted fine motor intervention. While existing studies have explored the effectiveness of various manipulative activities such as clay modeling, bead threading, and drawing exercises for fine motor development, there is a notable absence of research that specifically isolates and examines the unique benefits of marble play. This represents a critical oversight, given the accessibility and affordability of marbles as intervention tool. The findings of this study will provide much-needed, evidence-based guidance for educators and therapists, particularly those working in resource-limited environments.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Other
- 盲法
- None
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 6 Years 至 9 Years（Child）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Children enrolled in Grade 1-3 (typically aged 6-9 years)
- •Children with normal cognitive development, as assessed by school records or teacher reports
- •Students with average or below average handwriting fluency (based on teacher observation or pre-test).
- •Parental or guardian consent obtained for participation.
- •Regular school attendance and ability to participate in intervention sessions.
排除标准
- •Children with significant visual or motor impairments that may affect fine motor coordination.
- •Participants with a known history of dust allergy or diagnosed allergic rhinitis triggered by dust exposure will be excluded.
- •Individuals with a current or recent (within the last 6 months) fracture of any upper, wrist, or hand) will be excluded.
- •Students with a history of behavioral issues that would prevent consistent participation in structured play.
结局指标
主要结局
handwriting skills
时间窗: Baseline and after 6 weeks
handwriting skills will be measured by ECTH. ECTH scoring refers to the Evaluation Tool of Children's Handwriting (ECTH), a criterion-referenced assessment for grades 1-6, scored by occupational therapists and educators to evaluate manuscript/cursive writing speed and legibility (letter/word formation, size, spacing, alignment) through specific tasks like copying, dictation, and sentence composition, yielding scores for each task and overall legibility percentages, with established cutoffs (e.g., Total Letter \<90%, Total Word \<85%) indicating dysfunction.
Hand Grip Strength
时间窗: Baseline and after 6 weeks
Hand grip strength will be measured by dynamometer
handwriting skills
时间窗: Baseline and after 6 weeks
handwriting skills will be measured by ECTH. ECTH scoring refers to the Evaluation Tool of Children's Handwriting (ECTH), a criterion-referenced assessment for grades 1-6, scored by occupational therapists and educators to evaluate manuscript/cursive writing speed and legibility (letter/word formation, size, spacing, alignment) through specific tasks like copying, dictation, and sentence composition, yielding scores for each task and overall legibility percentages, with established cutoffs (e.g., Total Letter \<90%, Total Word \<85%) indicating dysfunction.
次要结局
未报告次要终点