Curative Effect Analysis of Antiviral Therapy in CHB Patients Over 30 Years Old With HBV DNA Positive and Normal ALT

In the past, clinicians thought that patients with chronic hepatitis B with normal ALT should be followed up regularly and not be treated with antiviral therapy for the time being, but more and more studies show that if antiviral therapy is not started in time, these patients still have a relatively high risk of cirrhosis and HCC. Therefore, the current Chinese guideline recommends that patients over the age of 30 with HBV DNA positive need antiviral treatment even if their ALT levels are normal. In this study, investigators aim to observe the antiviral effect of CHB patients above 30 years old and normal liver function. CHB patients were divided into NAs （TMF, ETV, or TAF) treatment and untreated groups for follow-up. Then, participants who achieved HBV DNA negative and HBsAg <3000 IU/ml after 12 weeks of NAs therapy could choose either NAs combined with 48 weeks of pegylated interferon α-2b(Peg-IFNα-2b) therapy or continue NAs monotherapy. Follow-ups were conducted every 12-24 weeks for a total duration of 96 weeks. Dynamic observations included monitoring virological markers,biochemical indicators,liver stiffness measurement(LSM),and controlled attenuation parameter(CAP) throughout the study period. After obtaining the informed consent of participants, the serum of participants and PBMC of some participants were collected for further study,so that investigators are able to explore the serological indexes related to curative effect and the immune function of participants before and after treatment.