Evaluation of Metabolic Functionality of Fruit and Vegetable Fermented Products in Adults

This is a randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study designed to assess the metabolic effects and safety of Rutazyme® lemon fermented product capsules in adults with obesity. A total of 40 participants (18-65 years) with simple obesity (BMI ≥ 27 kg/m²; waist circumference > 90 cm for men or > 80 cm for women) will be enrolled and randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to one of two arms: (A) placebo capsule or (B) Rutazyme® lemon fermented product capsule (500 mg). Participants will undergo a 2-week stabilization period prior to supplementation (Week -2 to Week 0) and will be instructed to maintain their usual diet and physical activity habits throughout the study. The intervention period lasts 12 weeks, during which participants will take one capsule orally once daily at bedtime with water.

Assessments are scheduled at Week -2 (stabilization), Week 0 (baseline), and Weeks 4, 8, and 12. Measures include body composition (InBody 570), waist and hip circumference, blood pressure and heart rate, and assessments of dietary intake and physical activity (including estimation of total daily energy expenditure). Safety and metabolic laboratory assessments include complete blood count; lipid profile (TG, TC, LDL-C, HDL-C); fasting glucose and insulin; inflammatory marker (hs-CRP); liver function (AST/GOT, ALT/GPT, γ-GT, albumin); and renal function (BUN, creatinine, uric acid). Stool samples will be collected at baseline and Week 12 for gut microbiota analysis.

To explore mechanistic gut-brain axis biomarkers, GLP-1 and PYY will be assessed at baseline and at Week 12 at multiple time points (0, 30, 60, and 120 minutes) following capsule intake. Blood samples will be collected by trained personnel, with procedures designed to minimize discomfort (e.g., use of an indwelling catheter during repeated time-point sampling). Laboratory analyses will be performed by qualified external laboratories.