Impact of Maternal Body Mass Index on Infant Hypoxic Events at Time of Delivery ,Cross-sectional Study.

The investigators need to improve understanding of the specific molecular factors that contribute either individually or synergistically to detrimental fetal outcomes. Moreover, The investigators need to identify the essential maternal markers that need to be tightly regulated during pregnancy to improve outcomes. Here in, The investigators discuss the influence of maternal obesity and factors associated with the obesogenic intrauterine environment on fetal lung development and respiratory outcomes in offspring at birth importantly, The investigators identify a series of molecular changes encountered during pregnancy that may program the observed respiratory outcomes in clinical practice. The effects of maternal obesity on severe neonatal asphyxia may be partly explained by traumatic labor, which often results from macrosomia. Another consequence of maternal obesity is fetal hyperinsulinemia, which may be related to chronic hypoxia even without diabetes . Other mechanisms that explain the effect of maternal obesity on neonatal asphyxia include lipotoxicity, placental inflammation and vasculopathy, and cord coiling. Evidence has demonstrated altered gene expression in full-term newborns of mothers with obesity, involving dysregulation of brain development, inflammatory and immune signaling, glucose and lipid homeostasis, and oxidative stress