The Effect of Therapeutic Aquatic Exercise on the Improvement of Respiratory and Functional Capacity in Older Adults With Kyphosis
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 发起方
- 入组人数
- 40
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Vital Capacity (VC)
研究概览
简要总结
This study is a comparative interventional trial designed to evaluate the effects of Aquatic Pilates versus Mat Pilates on respiratory function, functional capacity, quality of life, and thoracic kyphosis in older women. Thoracic kyphosis is a common postural deviation in older adults that may negatively affect respiratory mechanics, physical performance, and quality of life.
Participants were allocated into four groups and assessed at three time points: baseline (pre-intervention), after 6 weeks of intervention, and immediately following the completion of a 12-week exercise program. Outcome measures included anthropometric characteristics (height, body weight, and body mass index), degree of thoracic kyphosis, respiratory function assessed via spirometric testing, functional capacity evaluated using standardized physical performance tests, and quality of life.
The intervention programs consisted of structured Aquatic Pilates and Mat Pilates protocols designed to improve postural alignment, respiratory efficiency, functional ability, and overall quality of life. The objective of the study is to compare the effectiveness of Aquatic Pilates versus Mat Pilates on respiratory, functional, and quality-of-life outcomes in older women with thoracic kyphosis.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Treatment
- 盲法
- None
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 55 Years 至 65 Years（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- Female
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Female participants
- •Αge 55-65 years
- •Clinical diagnosis of thoracic kyphosis
- •Thoracic kyphosis angle between 26° and 46°
- •Ability to participate in exercise program
- •Ability to provide written informed consent
排除标准
- •Rheumatoid arthritis
- •Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
- •Cardiovascular disease
- •History of spinal surgery
- •History of lower limb surgery
- •Recent fractures within the past 6 months
- •Severe hyperkyphosis (>46°)
研究组 & 干预措施
Aquatic Pilates Group
Participants completed a structured Aquatic Pilates exercise program over 12 weeks, consisting of 24 sessions performed twice weekly, with each session lasting 45 minutes. Exercise intensity was maintained at a light-to-moderate level according to established guidelines (ACSM Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription, 2018). The program focused on core stabilization, postural alignment, spinal control, and coordinated breathing patterns. Exercises were performed in a water environment, utilizing buoyancy and hydrostatic resistance.
干预措施: Aquatic Pilates (Behavioral)
Mat Pilates Group
Participants completed a structured Mat Pilates exercise program over 12 weeks, consisting of 24 sessions performed twice weekly, with each session lasting 45 minutes. Exercise intensity was maintained at a light-to-moderate level according to established guidelines (ACSM Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription, 2018). The program focused on core stabilization, postural alignment, spinal control, and coordinated breathing patterns. Exercises were performed on land using a mat-based Pilates protocol.
干预措施: Mat Pilates (Behavioral)
Kyphosis Control Group
Participants with thoracic kyphosis did not receive any structured exercise intervention and were instructed to maintain their usual daily activities throughout the 12-week study period. They were assessed at the same time points as the intervention groups.
Healthy Control Group
Healthy older adults without thoracic kyphosis did not participate in any structured exercise program and maintained their usual daily activities during the study period. They were included as a reference comparison group and assessed at identical time points as the other groups.
结局指标
主要结局
Vital Capacity (VC)
时间窗: Baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks
Vital Capacity (VC) measured by spirometry using the SPIROANALYZER ST-95 spirometer. VC is reported in liters (L). Higher values indicate better pulmonary function.
Forced Vital Capacity (FVC)
时间窗: Baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks
Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) measured by spirometry using the SPIROANALYZER ST-95 spirometer. FVC is reported in liters (L). Higher values indicate better pulmonary function.
Thoracic Kyphosis Angle
时间窗: Baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks
Thoracic kyphosis angle measured using a kyphometer between T2 and T12 vertebrae. Results are reported in degrees (°). Lower values indicate reduced thoracic kyphosis.
Timed Up and Go Test (TUG)
时间窗: Baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks
Time required to stand up from a chair, walk 3 meters, return, and sit down. Measured in seconds. Lower scores indicate better mobility and functional performance.
4-Meter Gait Speed Test
时间窗: Baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks
Gait speed calculated over a 4-meter walking distance and reported in meters per second (m/s). Higher scores indicate better walking performance.
6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT)
时间窗: Baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks
Total distance walked during the 6-minute walk test. Reported in meters (m). Higher scores indicate better aerobic capacity and endurance.
Modified Physical Performance Test (mPPT) Score
时间窗: Baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks
Functional performance assessed using the Modified Physical Performance Test (mPPT). Higher scores indicate better functional capacity and physical performance.
次要结局
- Body weight(Baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks)
- Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36) Score(Baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks)
- PROMIS Global Health Scale v1.2(Baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks)
- Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE) Score(Baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks)
- Ηeight(Baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks)
- Βody Μass Ιndex (BMI)(Baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks)
研究者
PARASKEVI PASSA
PhD Candidate
University of Athens