Translation and Validation of the FS-ICU-24R Into Danish

Method Translation and adaption: The FS-ICU-24R (the family satisfaction with the ICU 24 item questionnarie) will be translated into the Danish language in agreement with one of the original authors, Dr. Daren Heyland. The initial forward translations will be produced by four bilingual nurses all Danish native speakers. Afterwards, the translations will be discussed with two researchers and a pooled version will be produced. Translation of key terms will be thoroughly discussed before deciding on the most appropriate wording. The investigators will opt for a conceptually and culturally sound translation rather than a literal translation, which will be acceptable to the users of the instrument: relatives of ICU patients. Back translation will be undertaken by a bi-lingual nurse, who will be blinded to the original version at all stages of the translation process. The research group will compare the backward version with the source instrument and a second version of the questionnaire will be produced. The process will be repeated to resolve minor discrepancies as needed.

Face and content validity: The Danish version will be presented to 4-6 relatives, who will be interviewed about their perceptions and understanding of the questionnaire. Following the administration of the instrument, all relatives will be interviewed. For each item, relatives will be asked to describe in their own words what they think the item is about and how they chose their answer. Furthermore, if an item is difficult to understand or ambiguous, relatives will be asked to provide alternative wording. Notes and comments made during the interviews on the questionnaire items will be discussed by the researchers before a final version of the questionnaire will be produced. One of the original authors, Dr. Daren Heyland, will approve of the final back translation.

Psychometric testing of FS-ICU-24R in a prospective cohort of Danish ICU relatives:

Recruitment procedure: Relatives will be informed in person about the study while in the ICU. If relatives agree to participate, they must register for the study using a smartphone and a QR code. If a participant prefers to complete the questionnaire on paper, a package containing the questionnaire, information about the study and a return envelope will be supplied with instructions on when to fill in the questionnaire and how to return it. The site will only need to register how many packages have been distributed.

Recruitment of participants to the subgroup test-re-test analysis: When completing the questionnaire in REDCap relatives will be asked to participate a second time for a test-re-test analysis.