Effects of Recreational Exercises (Swimming, Pilates, and Walking) on Muscle Strength and Balance in Women at Risk for Osteoporosis
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 60
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Handgrip strength
研究概览
简要总结
This study aims to evaluate the effects of recreational exercises such as Pilates, swimming and walking on muscle strength and balance in women at risk of osteoporosis.
Study hypotheses:
H1: Pilates exercises will be more effective than walking exercises in improving muscle strength among women at risk of osteoporosis.
H2: Swimming exercises will be more effective than walking exercises in improving muscle strength among women at risk of osteoporosis.
H3: Pilates exercises will be more effective than walking exercises in improving balance among women at risk of osteoporosis.
H4: Swimming exercises will be more effective than walking exercises in improving balance among women at risk of osteoporosis.
H5: Pilates and swimming exercises will have similar effects on improving muscle strength and balance among women at risk of osteoporosis.
详细描述
Participants were selected from among women who had previously been diagnosed with osteoporosis risk by a physician and who applied to the Isparta Merwellness Pilates gym for exercise.
The study is planned as a randomized controlled prospective trial. Participants were assigned to three groups using a computer-generated random number table (n=20).
Pilates Group: Mat Pilates was performed three days a week for 45 minutes. Swimming Group: Moderate-intensity swimming was performed 3 days a week for 40 minutes.
Walking Group: Brisk walking was performed 3 days a week for 45 minutes.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Treatment
- 盲法
- Single (Participant)
盲法说明
A single-blind study was designed in which the patients would be unaware of their group allocation
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 40 Years 至 60 Years（Adult）
- 性别
- Female
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •Having a sedentary lifestyle (not having exercised regularly in the past 6 months),
- •No musculoskeletal or neurological conditions that would prevent participation,
- •Voluntarily agreeing to participate in the study.
排除标准
- •Use of medications affecting bone metabolism (e.g., bisphosphonates, corticosteroids),
- •History of fracture within the past 6 months,
- •Uncontrolled cardiovascular or metabolic diseases.
研究组 & 干预措施
Pilates Group
Pilates Group: Mat Pilates was performed three days a week for 45 minutes. The programme included a 10-minute warm-up, 30 minutes of basic Pilates exercises (hundred, roll-up, spine stretch, single leg stretch) and a 5-minute cool-down and stretching phase. The exercises were conducted by a certified Pilates instructor.
干预措施: Experimental Group 1 (Other)
Swimming Group
Swimming Group: Moderate-intensity swimming was performed 3 days a week for 40 minutes. The exercises included a 5-minute warm-up, 30 minutes of freestyle and backstroke swimming, and a 5-minute cool-down phase. Participants' heart rates were maintained at 60- 70% of their maximum heart rate.
干预措施: Experimental Group 2 (Other)
Walking Group
Brisk walking was performed 3 days a week for 45 minutes. The programme consisted of a 5-minute warm-up walk, 35 minutes of walking at 60-70% of maximum heart rate, and a 5-minute cool-down walk.
干预措施: Experimental Group 3 (Other)
结局指标
主要结局
Handgrip strength
时间窗: At baseline and at the end of the 12-week intervention
Handgrip strength was measured using a digital hand dynamometer (Jamar Plus+, kg). Three repetitions were taken during the measurements, and the highest value was recorded. The Jamar dynamometer has high reliability in individuals with osteoporosis (ICC = 0.95).
Trunk flexor and extensor strength
时间窗: At baseline and at the end of the 12-week intervention
Trunk flexor and extensor strength were assessed using isokinetic dynamometry (Biodex System 4) at a speed of 60°/s. This method has been reported as a valid measurement tool for elderly individuals and those at risk of osteoporosis.
Berg Balance Scale (BBS)
时间窗: At baseline and at the end of the 12-week intervention
Berg Balance Scale (BBS): A 14-item test scored between 0 and 56. The reliability coefficient in the Turkish adaptation was found to be 0.98.
Computerised posturography:
时间窗: At baseline and at the end of the 12-week intervention
Computerised posturography: Static and dynamic balance were assessed, and centre of pressure (CoP) oscillation (mm) was recorded. Posturography is a widely used objective method in the osteoporotic population.
次要结局
未报告次要终点
研究者
Nur ALP
Lecturer, MSc.
Suleyman Demirel University