Comparative Evaluation of Mosquito Repellent Products in South Asia and North America: Efficacy, Safety, and Public Health Implications
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 发起方
- 入组人数
- 6
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Number of Mosquito Landings on the Treated Forearm During the WHO Arm-in-Cage Test
研究概览
简要总结
Human Volunteer Participation:
A total of six (6) healthy adult volunteers participated in the study, including three males and three females aged between 18 and 22 years. The volunteers participated in:
- Arm-in-Cage Test Procedure
- Dermatological Safety Test
All participants were:
- Non-tobacco users
- Free from dermatosis or chronic skin disease
- Free from known allergic reactions to arthropod bites or mosquito repellents
- Informed regarding the objectives, procedures, risks, and benefits of the study Written informed consent was obtained from all volunteers before participation. Participants were instructed not to apply perfumes, aromatics, skincare products, or other mosquito repellents on the hands for at least 12 hours before and during the experiment to minimize experimental bias.
Safety and Ethical Considerations:
- All experiments were conducted under controlled laboratory conditions.
- Appropriate safety precautions and monitoring procedures were maintained throughout the study.
- Volunteers retained the right to withdraw from the study at any stage without penalty.
- Confidentiality and anonymity of volunteer information were strictly maintained.
- No severe physical or psychological risk was associated with participation.
- Immediate medical support and first-aid facilities were available during experimentation.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Na
- 干预模型
- Single Group
- 主要目的
- Prevention
- 盲法
- None
盲法说明
This study was conducted as an open-label evaluation of commercially available mosquito repellent products. Neither the participants nor the investigators were blinded to the identity of the tested products because the formulations (coils, vaporizers, sprays, creams, and natural repellents) differed substantially in appearance, mode of application, and operation. Outcome measurements included repellency efficacy, protection duration, dermatological safety, and user-reported observations.
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 30 Years（Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •healthy adult volunteers participated
排除标准
- •Sick and children
结局指标
主要结局
Number of Mosquito Landings on the Treated Forearm During the WHO Arm-in-Cage Test
时间窗: Measured at 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours after repellent application.
The number of mosquito landings on the treated forearm will be counted during each exposure period using the standardized WHO Arm-in-Cage Test with 50 unfed female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes.
Number of Confirmed Mosquito Bites During the WHO Arm-in-Cage Test
时间窗: Measured at 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours after repellent application.
The number of confirmed mosquito bites occurring on the treated forearm will be recorded during each exposure period.
Complete Protection Time Measured by the WHO Arm-in-Cage Test
时间窗: Up to 8 hours after application.
Complete Protection Time is defined as the elapsed time from repellent application until the first confirmed mosquito landing or bite.
Percentage Protection Against Mosquito Landing
时间窗: Measured at 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours after application
Percentage protection will be calculated by comparing the number of mosquito landings on treated skin with the corresponding control observations.
次要结局
- Number of Participants With Treatment-Related Skin Reactions(Within 8 hours after application.)
研究者
Ushama Shafoyat
Professor
Military Institute of science and Technology