Evaluation of Common Carotid Artery Flow Dynamics for Early Diagnosis of Atherosclerosis in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome

This is an 18 month hospital based cross sectional observational study conducted in the outpatient department of Vinayaka Mission Kirupananda Variyar Medical College and Hospitals involving approximately 100 adult patients with metabolic syndrome aged 18 to 60 years Patients are selected using non probability consecutive sampling based on standard diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome

All enrolled patients undergo clinical evaluation anthropometric measurements blood pressure recording and biochemical investigations including fasting glucose and lipid profile High resolution carotid Doppler ultrasound is performed to assess carotid flow parameters and carotid intima media thickness

The primary outcome is alteration in carotid artery flow dynamics measured at baseline Secondary outcomes include assessment of carotid intima media thickness correlation of Doppler parameters with individual components of metabolic syndrome and identification of metabolic predictors of early atherosclerotic changes

Statistical analysis is performed using SPSS employing descriptive statistics correlation tests and multivariate regression analysis The study aims to establish the clinical utility of carotid Doppler flow indices as early non invasive markers of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk stratification in patients with metabolic syndrome