Kettlebell-classroom: Feasibility and Effect of a Daily Dose of Resistance Training in Primary School Children - a Control\ed Trial
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 发起方
- 入组人数
- 92
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Maximal strength
研究概览
简要总结
Physical fitness is a crucial health marker, predicting both cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. Muscular strength, an essential component of physical fitness, underpins physical and psychological well-being, particularly from childhood. Increasing sedentary behavior has led to rising obesity and cardiovascular disease rates in children, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic and the emergence of pediatric dynapenia. Muscular fitness positively affects body composition, bone health, psychological health, and academic performance, and is necessary for fundamental motor skills.
In Basel, a ten-year trend shows declining physical fitness and rising obesity among primary school children, especially those from lower socio-economic backgrounds with less access to sports. This presents an opportunity to promote physical activity in schools. The "Kettlebell Classroom" project aims to introduce daily, playful resistance training with kettlebells over seven weeks in various schools, focusing on culturally and socially less integrated children.
Evidence supports the benefits of resistance training (RT) for children, including increased joint stability, improved motor skills, reduced injury risks, and increased spontaneous physical activity. Despite WHO recommendations for muscle and bone-strengthening activities three times a week, these guidelines are often unmet. This project aims to demonstrate the effectiveness of short, intensive exercise sessions for children, with the goal of expanding the initiative across Basel to improve health outcomes for all children.
详细描述
Study intervention The intervention emphasizes full-body exercises which are performed with the own body weight and kettlebells. On every weekday, the intervention classes will receive 15 min of supervised training over 7 weeks. This results in a total number of training sessions of 35 sessions. The movements and exercises in all phases are based on functional, multi-joint movements. The focus will be on age-appropriate whole-body strength and motor skill development. It will be designed with different, varying exercises, which can be individually tailored and adapted to the children's ability. Tailored to the group, the sessions will also include parts which engage social cooperation and teamwork, so that the children will experience a sense of competence, self-determination and enjoyment of exercise while enhancing motor skills and athletic ability.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Non Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Prevention
- 盲法
- None
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 6 Years 至 9 Years（Child）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •all of the selected second-graders who can participate in physical education lessons will be included in the study
排除标准
- •Children with a medical certificate, that prohibits physical activity, will be excluded from performance testing and training intervention.
研究组 & 干预措施
kettlebell training
The intervention involves daily, supervised resistance training sessions for primary school children, integrated directly into the classroom setting. Over a period of 7 weeks, participating second-grade school classes perform 15-minute kettlebell-based workouts every school day, totaling 35 sessions.
The sessions are designed to be:
Playful and age-appropriate
Focused on whole-body strength and motor skill development
Based on functional, multi-joint movements using bodyweight and kettlebells
Adaptable to individual ability levels
Including elements of teamwork and cooperation to enhance motivation and enjoyment
The goal is to improve muscular strength, coordination, fitness, and psychosocial well-being, particularly in children from lower socio-economic backgrounds.
干预措施: kettlebell-training (Behavioral)
regular schedule - control
The control group consists of parallel second-grade school classes that do not receive any active intervention during the study period. These students continue with their regular school routine and standard physical education classes, without the additional kettlebell training sessions.
Like the intervention group, they:
Undergo the same pre- and post-intervention test battery assessing strength, coordination, fitness, and anthropometric measures
Are assessed during school hours using identical equipment and protocols
Serve as a baseline comparator to evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of the resistance training intervention
结局指标
主要结局
Maximal strength
时间窗: seven week intervention
The mid-thigh pull is measured on the force plate, as is the hand grip force (Leonardo Mechanograph® Novotec Medical GmbH, Pforzheim, Germany). The mid-thigh pull corresponds to a static deadlift, i.e. pulling up a bar in the centre of the thigh, and thus provides an image of the force transmission of the muscle loops up to the hand force to transfer the force to the measuring device. The test subject has a hip and knee angle of 135-140° and tries to pull as quickly and strongly as possible on the vertically fixed bar in the centre of the thigh. As the test subject is standing on the force plate, the transmitted force is measured precisely. In contrast to the dynamic 1-repetition maximum, this simple test offers a high level of safety as an isometric measurement and, in particular, has a high test-retest reliability. This measurement is therefore not only attractive to perform, but also makes it easy to analyse strength curves and maximum strength.
次要结局
- Handgrip strength(seven week intervention)
- sprint performance(seven week intervention)
- jump performance(seven week intervention)
- shuttle-run performance(seven week intervention)
- balance performance(seven week intervention)
- object control(seven week intervention)
- blood pressure, body composition(seven week intervention)
- side hop(seven week intervention)