Ultrasound Guided, Landmark Guided Intercostobrachial Nerve Block Versus Serratus Plane Block After Supraclavicular Plexus Block for Anesthesia in Creation of Arteriovenous Fistula in the Medial Side of the Arm: A Randomized Trial

In addition to the supraclavicular plexus block, the intercostobrachial nerve block block will be performed without ultrasound guidance and based on the traditional method using superficial anatomy and nerve pathway by subcutaneous injection of 20 mL of bupivacaine 0.25% at the site of the pulse.

The patient's head will be turned to the opposite side while the patient is in the supine position and the shoulder to be treated will be elevated 5- 10 cm. The high-frequency linear ultrasound probe (12-4 MHz) and the region to be treated will be prepared in sterile conditions and placed transversely across the external jugular vein at 3-4 cm above the clavicle. Between the anterior and middle scalene muscles, the imaging of the brachial plexus showed three to five hypoechoic circles. The entry will be in-plane technique using an 80-mm block needle from lateral to medial. After confirming the needle insertion site with 2 mL saline solution, a 20 mL bupivacaine 0.25% will be administered.

The patient will be placed in the lateral decubitus position with the area to be treated on the upper side. The high-frequency linear ultrasound probe and the region to be treated will be sterilized. The ultrasound probe will be placed on the anterior line at the level of fourth and fifth ribs. Images of the muscle's latissimus dorsi and serratus anterior, the ribs, and the pleura will be obtained. Subsequently, with the in-plane technique, an 80-mm block needle will be advanced between the latissimus dorsi and the serratus muscles planes in a caudal to the cranial direction. There is no blood or air in aspiration. After confirming the location of the needle with 2 mL of saline solution, (20 mL of bupivacaine 0.25%) will be administered between the two muscles.