Effects of New Zealand Blackcurrant Extract Supplementation on Muscle Damage, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammatory Markers Following High-Intensity Training in Elite Taekwondo Athletes
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 29
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Change in plasma Creatine Kinase (CK) concentration
研究概览
简要总结
This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluated the effects of short-term supplementation with anthocyanin-rich New Zealand blackcurrant (NZBC) extract on exercise-induced muscle damage, oxidative stress, antioxidant status, inflammatory responses, and perceived muscle soreness in elite male taekwondo athletes.
Thirty national-level male taekwondo athletes were enrolled and randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive either NZBC extract (CurraNZ®, UK; 600 mg/day providing approximately 210 mg anthocyanins) or a matched placebo for 7 days. Blood samples and muscle soreness ratings were collected at baseline, immediately after exercise, 24 hours after exercise, and after 7 days.
The primary outcome was plasma creatine kinase (CK). Secondary outcomes included reactive oxygen species (ROS), total antioxidant capacity (TOAC), protein carbonyls, inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10), and perceived muscle soreness assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS).
The study was approved by the Biruni University Clinical Research Ethics Committee (No. 2015-KAEK-80-23-33; December 22, 2023). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants.
详细描述
High-intensity, impact-based sports such as taekwondo involve substantial mechanical and metabolic demands that may contribute to exercise-induced muscle damage, oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, and delayed recovery. Nutritional strategies capable of modulating these physiological responses may therefore be relevant for athletes exposed to repeated high-intensity training.
New Zealand blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L.) is rich in anthocyanins and other polyphenolic compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Previous studies involving endurance and intermittent exercise have investigated the potential effects of blackcurrant supplementation on oxidative stress, vascular responses, exercise performance, and recovery. However, evidence in elite combat-sport athletes remains limited.
The objective of this randomized controlled trial was to determine whether 7 days of standardized NZBC extract supplementation influenced biochemical markers of muscle damage, oxidative stress, antioxidant status, inflammatory cytokines, and perceived muscle soreness following repeated high-intensity training in elite male taekwondo athletes.
It was hypothesized that NZBC supplementation would attenuate exercise-associated elevations in plasma creatine kinase and reactive oxygen species, increase total antioxidant capacity, and modulate inflammatory cytokine responses, including IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10.
The study used a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group design and was conducted at the Atik Ali Sports Club in Istanbul, Türkiye, between December 2023 and June 2024. Thirty elite male taekwondo athletes were enrolled and randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to receive either NZBC extract or placebo.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Supportive Care
- 盲法
- Double (Participant, Investigator)
盲法说明
Double-blind study: both participants and investigators were unaware of group allocation. Capsules were identical in appearance and coded by an independent researcher.
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 35 Years（Adult）
- 性别
- Male
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Male national-level taekwondo athletes actively training and competing
- •Age between 18 and 35 years
- •Free from any chronic disease, metabolic disorder, or recent musculoskeletal injury
- •Not using antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, or ergogenic supplements within the last 4 weeks
- •Willing to maintain regular diet and training schedule during the study period
- •Provided written informed consent
排除标准
- •Female athletes
- •Presence of chronic illness, injury, or infection
- •Use of antioxidant or anti-inflammatory supplements in the 4 weeks prior to enrollment
- •Dietary habits incompatible with the intervention (e.g., high anthocyanin intake from other sources)
- •Failure to complete all study visits or provide required blood samples
- •Withdrawal of consent at any time
研究组 & 干预措施
New Zealand Blackcurrant Extract (NZBC)
Participants received New Zealand blackcurrant extract capsules (CurraNZ®, Healthspan Elite, UK) for 7 days. The daily dose was 600 mg (two 300 mg capsules, morning and evening), providing approximately 210 mg anthocyanins per day.
干预措施: New Zealand Blackcurrant Extract (CurraNZ®) (Dietary Supplement)
Placebo
Participants received placebo capsules identical in appearance to the NZBC capsules, containing maltodextrin. The placebo was administered orally twice daily for 7 days.
干预措施: Placebo (Maltodextrin) (Dietary Supplement)
结局指标
主要结局
Change in plasma Creatine Kinase (CK) concentration
时间窗: Baseline, immediately post-exercise, 24 hours, and 7 days after training
Plasma creatine kinase (CK) activity measured via ELISA assay as a biomarker of exercise-induced muscle damage. The outcome represents the change in CK levels from baseline to 24 h and 7 d after repeated high-intensity training sessions.
次要结局
- Change in Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) levels(Baseline, immediately post-exercise, 24 hours, and 7 days)
- Change in Total Antioxidant Capacity (TOAC)(Baseline, 24 hours, and 7 days)
- Change in Inflammatory Cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10)(Baseline, 24 hours, and 7 days)
- Perceived Muscle Soreness (Visual Analog Scale, VAS)(Baseline, 12 hours, 24 hours after each training day, and 7 days)
研究者
Sedat Arslan
Associate Prof.
Okan University