Comparison of the MAR Method and the Visual Estimation Method in Predicting External Blood Loss in Health Students
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 发起方
- 入组人数
- 237
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- Blood loss volume estimate
研究概览
简要总结
The goal of this educational clinical trial is to determine whether the MAR method is more effective than the Visual Estimation method for estimating blood loss. It also aims to assess whether factors such as gender, weight, and height influence blood loss estimates when using the MAR method.
The main research questions it aims to answer are:
- Does the MAR method provide more accurate blood loss estimates than the Visual Estimation method on flat, non-absorbent surfaces?
- Does the MAR method take longer to estimate blood loss compared to the Visual Estimation method?
- Do demographic factors such as gender, height, and weight affect blood loss estimates using the MAR method?
- Do these demographic factors also influence the time required for estimation using the MAR method? Researchers will compare the MAR method with the Visual Estimation method to determine whether the MAR method is a useful tool for accurately estimating external blood loss in clinical skill training.
Participants will:
- Sign an Informed Consent Form at the start of the study
- Receive a 10-minute orientation session
- Receive a 2-minute MAR method training (for the intervention group-)
- Use either the MAR method or the Visual Estimation method for up to 60 seconds at each of the three stations
- Receive a 2-minute MAR method training (for the control group)
- Use the MAR method for up to 60 seconds at each of the three stations (for the control group)
详细描述
Preliminary Preparation:
For this study, the Professional Skills Laboratories were used as the physical setting. The scenarios were set up at three different stations, each positioned in a separate corner of a large room. Room dividers separated the stations, and each had a designated entrance and exit to prevent participants who had completed their estimations from encountering those who had not yet participated.
Two researchers designed three distinct simulated environments and scenarios for the study. A synthetic blood product was used to enhance the realism of the simulated blood loss cases. In line with the MAR method's design principles, all three stations featured flat, non-absorbent surfaces.
- Station 1: An acrylic (plexiglass) surface with 75 ml of blood.
- Station 2: A flat, varnished wood surface with 150 ml of blood.
- Station 3: A vinyl surface with 750 ml of blood.
Research Staff:
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Other
- 盲法
- Double (Participant, Investigator)
盲法说明
Participant: Second-year paramedic student or second-year medical student, having received no theoretical or practical training in predicting external blood loss (N:237) Investigator: Student, provided planned training to participants, recorded outcome parameters Researcher: faculty member, prepared three different simulated environments and scenarios, provided planned training to investigators, oversaw flow of participants across study arms and recorded outcome parameters
入排标准
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Being a second-year paramedic or medical student
- •No prior theoretical or practical training in estimating external blood loss
- •Willingness to participate in the study
排除标准
- •Not being a second-year paramedic or medical student
- •Having received theoretical or practical training in estimating external blood loss
- •Declining to participate in the study
研究组 & 干预措施
Group 1: Visual Estimation Method (Control), (n1:70)
The Visual Estimation Method is the most commonly used technique for estimating external blood loss. It relies on quick visual assessment rather than precise measurement, providing an estimate within seconds.
Group 2: The MAR Method (Intervention), (n2:70)
The MAR (Merlin, Alter, Raffel) method, which was first described by Merlin et al. in 2009, is an alternative clinical skill recommended for estimating the amount of external blood loss on flat surfaces and does not depend on visualization. The method can learn within 1-2 minutes. In this method, the participants are given 60 sec to complete their estimations.
干预措施: The MAR method (Other)
结局指标
主要结局
Blood loss volume estimate
时间窗: From enrollment to the completion of method application in 20 minutes.
Blood loss volume estimates using the MAR and Visual Estimation (VE) methods were recorded in milliliters (ml). The participants had 60 seconds to complete their estimations at each station. Participants' verbal estimates were documented by researchers at each station on the study record form. Blood loss volume estimates obtained using Group 1's VE method (n1:70) Group 2's MAR method (n2:70) were compared between the groups. Blood loss volume estimates obtained using Group 1's VE method and MAR method (n1:70) were then compared within the group.
Blood loss estimation time
时间窗: From enrollment to the completion of method application in 20 minutes.
The blood loss estimation times for the MAR and VE methods were recorded in seconds. The participants had 60 seconds to complete their estimations at each station. A chronometer was used for each measurement. Blood loss estimation times obtained using Group 1's VE method (n1:70) and Group 2's MAR method (n2:70) were compared between the groups. Blood loss estimation times obtained using Group 1's VE method and MAR method (n1:70) were then compared within the group.
次要结局
- Blood loss volume estimate of each participant using the MAR method(From enrollment to the completion of method application in 25 minutes.)
- Blood loss estimation time of each participant using the MAR method(From enrollment to the completion of method application in 25 minutes.)
研究者
Betül Akbuğa Özel
Assistant Professor, MD, FTBEM, MSc, PhD
Ankara City Hospital Bilkent