Periampullary Lesions Via ERCP in Assuit University Hospital

Periampullary lesion is defined as lesion located in 2CM around the ampulla of Vater. Periampullary lesions, identified during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), duodenoscopy or endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) often present a diagnostic dilemma. Although some of these lesions represent a benign lesion, they also occur in case of malignancy. Therefore, management of periampullary lesions widely varies from observation for low-grade dysplasia to pancreaticoduodenectomy in case of invasive carcinoma. Unfortunately, endoscopic biopsies are by definition superficial and, therefore, the risk of a sample errors exists. On the other hand the similarity in presentation and the difficulty in accurate location of the origin of these lesions often leads to a diagnostic challenge. ERCP in addition to its diagnostic value it allows therapeutic procedures, such as sphincterotomy, stenting, and nasobiliary drainage. It permits sampling of pancreatic juice, bile, and brush or grasp biopsy, but endoscopic biopsies are by definition superficial and, therefore, the risk of a sample errors exists .

ERCP is an invasive procedure that requires an expert endoscopist/radiologist and a cooperative patient.

Very small tumors (< 1 cm) can be missed. A periampullary lesion may be begin as duodenal adenoma, ampullary adenoma, gall stone pregnant ampulla, Stricture, or periampullary lipoma, or malignant as pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, distal CBD cholangiocarcinoma, ampullary carcinoma and periampullary duodenal adenocarcinoma, pancreatic carcinoma.

The aim of the study is to detect incidence of different types of periampullary lesions detected by ERCP in Assuit University Hospital and the role of ERCP in early detection, diagnosis and management and diagnostic accuracy and sensitivity of biopsy and brush cytology taken by ERCP in a period of 1 years starting from June 2017 to June 2018.