Abdominal Air Pressure Resistance Versus Abdominal Weight Training Versus Breathing Exercise for Improving Diaphragmatic Strength, Endurance, and Physiological Responses in Young Healthy Adults: A Study Protocol for Randomized Controlled Trial
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 尚未招募
- 入组人数
- 42
- 主要终点
- Diaphragm thickening fraction
研究概览
简要总结
This study aims to compare the effects of abdominal air pressure resistance training, abdominal weight training, and breathing exercises on diaphragmatic strength, endurance, and physiological responses in young healthy adults.
Forty-two healthy adults aged 18-35 years will be randomly allocated to one of three groups: abdominal air pressure resistance training, abdominal weight training, or breathing exercises. Participants will complete supervised training sessions three times per week for eight weeks, with standardized breathing cadence, training volume, and therapist contact time across groups.
This trial will provide the first direct comparison of a programmable pneumatic abdominal loading method with traditional abdominal weight loading and standard breathing exercises in healthy young adults. The findings will help determine the relative effectiveness, tolerability, and safety of these interventions for enhancing diaphragmatic function. The results may contribute to the development of evidence-based respiratory muscle training strategies for rehabilitation, health promotion, and performance enhancement.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Treatment
- 盲法
- Single (Outcomes Assessor)
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 35 Years（Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •males and females with a body mass index (BMI) between 18.5 and 29.9 kg/m²
- •non-smokers
- •have not participated in structured respiratory muscle training within the previous six months
- •able to understand the study procedures
- •provide written informed consent.
排除标准
- •have a known cardiopulmonary, neuromuscular, or significant metabolic disease
- •experience a respiratory infection or respiratory symptoms within the preceding 2-3 weeks
- •have undergone major abdominal or thoracic surgery within the previous six months
- •have uncontrolled hypertension, significant gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), or any other condition that could make abdominal loading unsafe, as determined during the screening process.
研究组 & 干预措施
Breathing Exercise Control (BE)
干预措施: Breathing Exercise Control (BE) (Other)
Abdominal Air Pressure Resistance Training (AAPR)
干预措施: Abdominal Air Pressure Resistance Training (Other)
Abdominal Weight Training (AWT)
干预措施: Abdominal Weight Training (AWT) (Other)
结局指标
主要结局
Diaphragm thickening fraction
时间窗: pre and post intervention, 8 weeks
Diaphragm thickness will be assessed using a portable ultrasound device (VERSANA PREMIER) operating in B-mode with a 10-MHz linear transducer. Standardized imaging settings, including gain, depth, and focus, were maintained throughout all examinations. Ultrasound measurements were conducted by a trained assessor who was blinded to participants' group assignments. With participants positioned supine, the transducer was placed over the right hemidiaphragm at the zone of apposition, located between the anterior and mid-axillary lines at the eighth to ninth intercostal space. Care was taken to apply minimal pressure with the probe to prevent compression of underlying tissues. Diaphragm thickness measurements were obtained at end-expiration, corresponding to residual volume (RV), and at end-inspiration, corresponding to total lung capacity (TLC). Each measurement was repeated three times with a minimum rest period of 30 seconds between trials, and the mean value was used for analysis.
次要结局
- Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) scale(pre and post intervention, 8 weeks)
- Modified Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) scale(pre and post intervention, 8 weeks)
研究者
Khushi Patel
Graduate student - Masters
University of Sharjah