Design and Delivery Preferences for Exercise Intervention in People With Spinal Cord Injury: a Pilot Discrete Choice Experiment

Aim 1. To explore individual preferences and needs that are related to engaging in a physical activity behavior using both qualitative and quantitative approaches.

The identification of attributes will be achieved through (a) qualitative interviews of 30 adults living with SCI, (b) expert opinion of 10 healthcare professionals who have at least 5 years of work experience with SCI patients and in the field of SCI research, and (c) a rapid review of literature reporting on preferred design, equipment, and/or delivery methods for physical activity/exercise programs for people with SCI. For the qualitative approach, we will use semi-structured, one-on-one interviews. Using deductive content analysis, we will generate participant-informed categories that aligned with the "what, when, where, and who" of exercise programs for people with SCI to develop an initial DCE survey.

Participants who take part in this study will engage in two one-on-one interviews that last approximately 1 hour each, depending on how much information is shared with the researcher. The interview will be conducted by the lead researcher via phone or video conference call. The interview will be audio-recorded, which will later be transcribed. The interview will ask questions about your interests, preferences, and wants for a physical activity program that supports initiation and long-term participation. The information shared during the interview will be used to create a preference survey, and the interviewed participants will be contacted again to complete the developed survey and a second interview to see whether the survey fully covered the choices of their needs and wants.

Aim 2. To develop and refine a quantitative DCE survey that contains essential attributes and preference levels for physical activity participation.

The developed initial DCE from Aim 1 will be further refined through the survey responses and feedback from the interviewed participants with SCI as well as iterative discussions with the interviewed healthcare professionals. The evaluation criteria will follow the DCE design guidelines, such as the clarity of the attributes, attribute descriptions, and preference levels; redundancy of attributes and levels defined; and level of burden.