Assessment and Management of Muscle Wasting in Children and Adolescents With Cancer

Demographics

时间窗: baseline

age, age at diagnosis, diagnosis, cancer recurrence or not, treatment status, gender, education, parents' education, height, and body weight.

Lab data

时间窗: baseline

protein profile (albumin), lipid profile (TG, cholesterol, LDH, HDH), liver profile (GOT, GPT), CBC profile (HB, RBC, WBC/DC, platelet), renal profile (BUN, CRE), inflammation index (CRP), and sugar profile (Glucose-AC and HbA1C) at diagnosis and at study baseline.

Medication dosage

时间窗: baseline

accumulated corticosteroid dosage, accumulated radiation dosage.

Inbody S10

时间窗: Week 4

The InBody S10 BIA device measures resistance at six frequencies (1, 5, 50, 250, 500, and 1000 KHz).

Multidimensional Fatigue Scale (MFS):

时间窗: week 4

MFS versions are designed for ages 5-18. The parent proxy reports, which include children 2-4 years of age (toddler), are used to assess the parent's perception of their child's fatigue. The instrument consists of 18 items. Patients are assessed on how often a particular problem occurred in the past month by using a 5-point Likert scale from 0 to 4 and rescaled to 0-100, so that higher scores indicate fewer symptoms of fatigue.

Symptom Distress Scale (SDS)

时间窗: week 4

The SDS is a 5-point mixed-response scale with 13 items that measure symptom distress. Total scores range from 13 to 65; higher scores indicate more severe symptom distress during the past week.

PedsQL

时间窗: week 4

The PedsQL Cancer Module is designed to measure pediatric cancer-specific health-related QoL in patients ages 2-18 years. The scale consists of 27 items that address eight dimensions: pain and hurt, nausea, procedural anxiety, treatment anxiety, worry, cognitive problems, perceived physical appearance, and communication. Items are rated on a 5-point scale

Exercise Involvement Scale (EIS)

时间窗: week 4

Exercise involvement is calculated by the equation: Exercise Involvement Score = exercise frequency x (exercise intensity + exercise duration). The total score represents an individual's level of exercise involvement. There are six graded response options, ranging from 1 (zero) to 6 (5 or more times a week). A higher score indicates more frequent exercise during the past week.

Visual analogue scale for dietary intake (VAS-DI)

时间窗: week 4

Patients are asked to answer the question: "If you consider that, at times when you are in good health, you eat 10 out of 10, how much do you currently eat on a scale from 0 to 10?" A response of 0 would mean eating "nothing at all" and 10 would be eating "as usual." For patients who do not understand this question, the researcher helps by adding: "How do you currently eat at this moment: a quarter of the usual amount, half of the usual amount, or three-quarters of the usual amount?" Patients tick a 100-mm line traced on paper to answer the inquiry "How much do you currently eat on a scale from 0 'nothing' (far left side of the line) to 10 'as usual' (far right side of the line)?" The left extremity of the line is anchored by "I eat nothing at all" (0 cm), the middle by "I eat half the usual amount" (5 cm), and the right extremity by "I eat as usual" (10 cm).

Cachexia assessment

时间窗: baseline

This assessment includes weight loss grading and muscle power grading. Weight loss grading uses a 5x5 matrix to grade the patient's level of cancer-associated weight loss.Grade 0 = complete paralysis; Grade 1 = flicker of contraction present; Grade 2 = active movement with gravity eliminated; Grade 3 = active movement against gravity; Grade 4 = active movement against gravity and some resistance described as poor, fair, or moderate strength; and Grade 5 = normal power.

ActiGraph

时间窗: week 4

The ActiGraph GT3X accelerometer is a reliable and valid tool for assessing objective activity level, validated in participants ages 7-18 years. It captures and records continuous raw acceleration data, which will be downloaded in 60-second epochs using ActiLife 6.13.3 software.