Self-Stigma of Mental and Physical Health: Developing and Validation of a Universal Self-Stigma Scale (USSS)
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 823
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Universal Self-Stigma Scale (USSS): Internal consistency
研究概览
简要总结
People with mental disorders often suffer from self-stigmatization. Self-stigma is associated with several negative outcomes such as low quality of life, lower rates of help-seeking as well as poorer treatment adherence. However, a lot of questionnaires only focus on specific mental disorders. There is no valid measurement which can be used for all kinds of mental disorders.
Furthermore, much less is known about self-stigma in people with organic diseases. Only little attention has been given to those who may experience self-stigma because of their physical condition. A main reason for this may be the lack of a valid measurement of self-stigma among people with physical health issues.
Therefore, the aim of this study is to develop and validate a self-report scale which is capable to do both - measuring self-stigma among people with all mental disorders and among people with physical health issues.
详细描述
Items are derived from the Stereotype Content Model (SCM) and the Behaviors from Intergroup Affect and Stereotypes (BIAS) Map. Psychometric evaluation includes testing the reliability (intern consistency, test-retest reliability) and validity (exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, construct validity incl. convergent and discriminant validity, criterion-related validity).
Participants take part in an online survey. They answer general questions about their mental and physical health condition and complete measurements of quality of life, mental health, depression, public stigma, expected stigma, self-stigma, intention to seek help and actual help seeking (behavior).
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Observational
- 观察模型
- Case Control
- 时间视角
- Prospective
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 —（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Minimum Age: 18
- •Fluent in German Language
排除标准
- •Acute psychosis
- •Suicidal ideation
结局指标
主要结局
Universal Self-Stigma Scale (USSS): Internal consistency
时间窗: Baseline
Internal consistency is tested with Cronbach's Alpha (0-1; higher scores indicate better internal consistency)
Universal Self-Stigma Scale (USSS): Validity
时间窗: Baseline
Validation process includes confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to test the statistical model fit with goodness of fit indices. Convergent validity is tested with another measurement for self-stigma (ISMI) using Pearson correlations \[higher correlations indicate better convergent validity\]. Discriminant validity is tested with Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and public stigma \[lower correlations indicate better discriminant validity\], criterion validity with actual help seeking behavior and health related quality of life (12-Item Short-Form Health Survey, SF-12) using Pearson correlations as well \[higher correlations indicate better criterion validity\].
Change on Universal Self-Stigma Scale (USSS): Test-Retest Reliability
时间窗: Baseline and 4 weeks
Test-Retest Reliability (Pearson Correlation, 0-1; higher scores indicate better reliability)
Development of the Universal Self-Stigma Scale (USSS)
时间窗: Baseline
Questionnaire is based on the Stereotype Content Model (Fiske et al., 2002) and BIAS-Map (Cuddy et al., 2007) and includes three components: stereotype (warmth, competence \[lower scores indicate higher self-stigma\]), prejudice (emotions, e.g. contempt, pity, anger, shame \[higher scores indicate higher self-stigma\]), discrimination (active/passive self-harm \[higher scores indicate higher self-stigma\]). Each item is rated on a 7-point Likert scale. Item selection via qualitative and statistical methods, e.g. item difficulty index, item discrimination index, exploratory factor analysis (EFA).
次要结局
- Actual Help Seeking Behavior(Baseline and 4 weeks)
- Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)(Baseline)
- Intention to Seek Help(Baseline)
- 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12)(Baseline)
- Expected Stigma(Baseline and 4 weeks)
- Public Stigma(Baseline)
- Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II)(Baseline)