Examining the Effect of Eye Gaze Technology on Children With Cortical Visual Impairment and Its Impact on Occupational Performance

Approval to perform this study was granted by the Rockhurst University Institutional Review Board (IRB) and the Rockhurst University (RU) Occupational Therapy Department prior to participant recruitment. Written informed consent was obtained from the parents of the participants and physical assent was obtained from the children older than 8 years of age. Researchers were trained by the primary investigator following an established written protocol for eye gaze technology administration. The protocal involved set up of the eye gaze camera and laptop computer with calibration of the camera to the child's eyes using Gaze Point software by Tobii. If the camera is unable to be calibrated to the child's eyes it will be calibrated with the therapists eyes in the same position as the child with eyes centered in the middle of the calibration screen. The child will be positioned 15-18 inches from the screen with a black trifold board behind the screen and lights turned off in a quiet room to decrease distractions. Teachers and therapists involved with data collection were trained in eye gaze technology administration following the protocal. Data was collected by the Insight and Learning Curve eye gaze software using percentage scoring and a heat map/line plot pictures. Eye gaze technology sessions will last 20 minutes, three to five days per week, for four weeks. Images presented during the eye gaze sessions include the following characteristics: single colors, reduced complexity, movement of the image, reduced surrounding auditory and visual clutter, and reduced inclusion of multiple colors. Demographic information, Canadian Occupational Performance Measurement (COPM,) Cortical Visual Impairment (CVI) Range, Sensory Profile Short Form (SP), and Sensory Processing Checklist for Children with Visual Impairment (SPCCVI) scores were collected by the researchers prior to administration of the eye gaze intervention. A baseline score was obtained from the Insight software using a mean of the subtests completed and then a mean of the subtests 4 weeks later. Scores for all of the measures except for the Sensory Profile and SPCCVI were then re-collected 4 weeks later at the conclusion of the study. Data was compiled and stored on a file on a password protected computer.